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安徽芜湖市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮基础练习（2）及答案
2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类
Honestyisthebestpolicy,astheEnglishsayinggoes.Unfortunately,honestyoftenleavesuswhennooneiswatching,Britishpsychologistsreportedlastweek.
ResearchersatUK’sNewcastleUniversitysetupanexperimentintheirpsychology
department’scoffeeroom.
Theysetakettle,withtea,coffeeandmilkonthecounterandhungupasignlistingthepricefordrinks.Peoplehelpingthemselvestoacupofteaweresupposedtoputafewcentsintheboxnearby.
Thescientistshungaposterabovethemoneybox,andchangedeachweekbetweenpicturesofgazingeyesandpicturesofflowers.Theresearchersfoundthatstaffpaid2.76timesmorefortheirdrinkswhentheimageoftheeyeswashung.
“Wewereshockedbythesizeoftheeffect,”saidGilbertRoberts,oneoftheresearchers.Eyesareknowntobeapowerfulperceptual(知觉的)signalforhumans,scientistssay.“Eventhoughtheeyeswerenotreal,theystillseemedtomakepeoplebehavemore
honestly,”saidMelissaBateson,abehavioralbiologistandleaderofthestudy.
Researchersbelievetheeffectthrowslightonourevolutionarypast.Itmayarisefrombehavioralcharacteristicsthatdevelopedwhenearlyhumansformedsocialgroupstostrengthentheirchancesofsurvival.Forsocialgroupstowork,individualshadtoco-operate,ratherthanactselfishly.“There’sanargumentthatifnobodyiswatchingus,itisinourintereststobehaveselfishly.Butwhenwe’rebeingwatchedweshouldbehavebetter.Sopeopleseeusas
co-operativeandbehavethesamewaytowardsus,”Batesonsaid.
Thenewfindingindicatesthatpeoplehaveastrikingresponsetoeyes.Thatmightbebecauseeyesandfacessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehaveevolvedtorespondto,Batesonsaid.
Thefindingcouldbeputtopracticaluse.Forexample,imagesofeyescouldensureticketsalesonpublictransportandimprovesurveillance(监视)systemstodeteranti-s
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