话说孔子眼中的义.pptVIP

中国古代一种含义极广的道德范畴.本指公正、合理而应当做的。孔子最早提出了“义”。孟子则进一步阐棕了“义”。AverybroadmoralcategoryinancientChina.Thisreferstojusticeandrationalityandshouldbedone.Confuciusfirstproposedrighteousness.MengZifurtherexplainedrighteousness.义的含义是什么？荆轲刺秦王，他为报答燕国太子丹的知遇之恩，不顾个人安危，前去刺杀秦国的国王赢政，这是义！水浒好汉鲁智深，为救弱女子，三拳打死无赖镇关西，这也是义！但从《论语》里面提到的有关义的词语来看，它的含义并不仅仅就局限在这一方面，它还有着更深的内涵在里面。Whatisthemeaningofrighteousness?JingkeassassinatedthekingofQin.InordertorepayPrinceDanoftheStateofYanforhiskindnessofknowing,hewenttoassassinatethekingofQintowinthepeaceregardlessofhispersonalsafety.Thisisrighteousness!LuZhishen,theheroofthewatermargin,killedthebullyinordertosavetheweakwoman.Thisisalsorighteousness!ButfromtheAnalectsofConfuciusThewordsaboutrighteousnessarementioned.Itsmeaningisnotconfinedtothis.Ontheonehand,ithasdeepermeaning.Ontheinside.子曰：君子之于天下也，无适也，无莫也，义之与比。有子曰：信近于义，言可复也；恭近于礼，远耻辱也；因不失其亲，亦可宗也。Confuciussaid:ifagentlemanisconsistentwithmoralprinciples,hewillnothavetoworryaboutdoingnothing.Confuciusdiscipleshavesaidthatiftheirpromisesareinlinewithmoralprinciples,theycanfulfillthem;iftheirrespectfulheartsareinlinewithetiquette,theycanavoidbeinghumiliated;andiftheyrelyonthoseclosetothem,theycanrelyonthem.子曰：“富贵如可得，虽执鞭之士，吾亦为之；如不可求，从吾所好”。Confuciussaid:Ifyoudonotviolaterighteousness,youcangetrichesandhonour,evenifyouareacoachman,youwillbewillingtodoso;butifyoucannotask,youcannotaskforrighteousness,youcannotaskforit.Followyourheart.孔子认为，义是体现仁爱精神的，不仁不义的事情，我们不应该干，在一般情况下，说假话就是不义，但在特珠情况下，如果说假话为了救人，是义还是不义呢？也就是说，如果面临不同的事情，义的表现还是一成不变的吗？Confuciusbelievedthatrighteousnessembodiesthespiritofbenevolence,andweshouldnotdounjustthings.Ingeneral,itisunjus