2024年小升初国际音标培优讲义.docxVIP

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国际音标

1】国际音标概况

元音

单

（12）

长

[ɑ:]

[?:]

[i:]

[?:]

[u:]

短

[Λ]

[?]

[i]

[?]

[u]

[?]

[e]

双（8）

[ai]

[ei]

[?i]

[a?]

[??]

[e?]

[i?]

[u?]

辅音

10

清

[p]

[t]

[k]

[f]

[θ]

[s]

[tr]

[ts]

[?]

[t?]

浊

[b]

[d]

[g]

[v]

[e]

[z]

[dr]

[dz]

[?]

[d?]

鼻音（3）

[m]

[n]

[?]

似拼音（3）

[h]

[r]

[l]

半元音（2）

[w]

[j]

元音：①发音时气流不受阻②单词的灵魂

辅音：①调整口腔位置，让元音发生各种变化②元音的辅助③没有纯辅音的单词

-[]或// 音标的间隔符号

-： 长音符号；放在元音后，则元音发长音

-上撇`下撇? 重音和次重音

2】长短元音对比组

[ɑ:]

发音字母a

字母组合ar,au,ear

fast

vast

last

class

father

after

park

dark

farm

yard

mark

laugh

aunt

heart

[Λ]

发音字母u,o

字母组合ou

duck

bus

cup

jug

nut

gun

love

honey

colour

worry

couple

double

duck [d?k] dark [da:k] fun [f?n] farm [fa:m]

must [m?st] mask [ma:sk] hut [h?t] hard [ha:d]

Just [d??st] vast [va:st]

enough [i’nΛf] pass [pa:s] sudden [sΛdn]

rubbish [‘rΛbi?] example [ig’za:mpl] must [mΛst]

someone [‘sΛmwΛn] harmful [ha:mfl] cover [‘kΛv?]

calm [ka:m]

[?:]

[?:]

字母组合er,ir,or,ur

部分ear

hers

person

serve

term

cercle

bird

girl

first

sir

stir

work

word

world

purse

fur

burn

blur

turtle

purple

early

earth

search

[?]

发音字母a,o

字母组合

ar,er,or,ure

attack

above

China

arrive

around

panda

sugar

correct

ruler

tiger

soccer

teacher

mother

dinner

actor

doctor

picture

future

nature

Olympics [?’limpiks] interested[‘intr?stid] worse [w?:s]

problem [‘pr?bl?m] probably[‘pr?b?bli] immediately [i’mi:di?tli]

difference [‘difr?ns] serious [‘si?ri?s] experience [ik’spi?ri?ns]

bottom [‘b?t?m] under [‘?nd?]

/i:/

字母e

字母组合ee,ea

be

she

me

we

he

evening

sweet

feet

meet

deep

need

sheep

team

sea

meat

tea

leaf

teach

/i/

发音字母e,i,y

字母组合ey

begin

behind

jacket

basket

ticket

sit

kid

thin

ship

dip

hit

baby

city

lady

busy

heavy

sunny

key

monkey

money

honey

feel [fi:l] fill [fil] peak [pi:k] pick [pik]

sheep [?i:p] ship [?ip] seat [si:t] sit [sit]

lead [li:d] lid [lid]

complete [k?m’pli:t] agree [?’gri:] hill [hil]

pretty [‘pri