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HND商务契约关系3
ThelawofDelict,likesthelawofContract,isapartofthelawofObligations.Acivilwrongcommittedbyapersonindeliberateornegligentbreachofalegalduty,fromwhichliabilitytomakereparationforanyconsequentiallossorinjurymayarise.BoththeScottishcommonlawandstatutorylawapplytodelictualobligationswhichareimposedbylaw.Delictisalsoknownasthelawof‘civilwrongandappliestomuchofthesameareaoflawastheEnglishlawof‘tort’.
Asnotedabovetheremustbethreeelementspresent:·alossorinjury,suchasphysicalorpersonalinjury,thelossofearnings,nervousshock,distress,damagetoareputation·causedbyalegalwrong·causedbyculpa(fault,intentionallyornegligentlydone)onthepartofthewrongdoer.
Twoexceptionswillbediscussedlater:⑴vicariousliability,wherethedefenderisliablefortheactionsofanother;⑵strictliability,whereliabilitycanarisewithoutfaultthroughstatutoryprovision.
Iftwoormorepersonshavecontributedtothedelictthentheyarejointlyseverallyliable.Liabilityistransferredtothepersonbenefitingorgainingbytheactionsofthewrongdoer.VicariousliabilityoftheEmployerforhisEmployee’sActions.Vicariousliabilityisanexampleofjointandseveralliabilityastheinjuredpartycansueboththeemployeeandtheemployer.
2.Negligence
Negligenceisthemostcommondelictandanactionindelictariseswhereharmiscausedcarelesslyorinadvertently.Foraclaimtoariseinnegligence,thefollowingpointsmustbeconsidered·wasadutyofcareowedbythedefendertothepursuer?And,ifso,wasthereabreachofthedutyofcare?·wastheharmorlosscausedbythedefender’sbreachofthisdutyofcare?·whetherthelossarisingfromthebreachofdutywastooremote.
ThedutyofcaremustbeowedbythedefendertothePursuer.TheburdenofproofScottvLondonandStKatherineDockCo1861,DevinevColvilles1969
the
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