初高中衔接--构词法.ppt

WordFormation构词法Ⅰ.合成法(Compounding)1）spaceshipclassroomgirlfriendmooncakepostmanchairmanhip-hop街舞2）blackboardwhiteboardgreenhousesuperstar3）runningwaterdiningroomdrinkingwaterreadingroom4）handwritinghorseriding5）warm-heartedcold-bloodedpart-timebroad-mindedman-madehandmade6）good-looking7）outsideinsidewithinwithoutⅡ.派生法(Affixation)1.前缀法（Prefixation）一般来说前缀不会改变一个词的词性。unhappyunknownunusualuntrueunimportantunableunkind②im+adj.impossibleimpolite③in+adj.incorrect④dis+v.dislikedisagreedisappear2.后缀(Suffixation)概念：在词的词尾加上一个词缀构成新的单词。后缀往往会改变一个词的词性。⑴表示“……的人”的后缀①-er……的人v.+erreaderworkerreporterleaderwaiterdesignerpaintern.+ervillagerprisonerfarmer②-or……的人actorgovernorvisitor③-ess表示女性，雌性actresswaitress④-ist……家，者artistnovelistviolinistpianist⑤(2)构成抽象名词＆集合名词的后缀①v.+mentmovementgovernmentjudgment②v.+ion/sion/tion/ationactionpronunciationinvitationdecisionintention③n.+shipfriendshipmembership④adj.+nesskindnessillnesshappiness⑶形容词的后缀-able/ibleenjoyablehorribleterrible-alnaturalinternational-fulcarefulhopefulhelpfulusefulsuccessful-lesscarelesshopelessuselesshomeless-lyfriendlymonthlylonely-ycloudyluckyhillyhealthynoisy-ous/iousdangerousserious⑷副词的