初中英语 牛津上海版8A被动语态讲解及练习(有答案).pdfVIP

被动语态

动词的被动语态

英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主

语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才有被动语态。它的基本结构为：be动词+及物动词的过

去分词。所有的时态变化在be动词上。

以动词sing为例。

时态语态∕主动语态被动语态

一般现在时Jaysingsmanysongseveryyear.ManysongsaresungbyJayeveryyear.

一般过去时Jaysangmanysongslastyear.ManysongsweresungbyJaylastyear.

一般将来时Jaywillsing/isgoingtosingManysongswillbesung/aregoingtobe

manysongsthisyear.sungbyJaythisyear.

现在进行时JayissinginganEnglishsong.AnEnglishsongisbeingsungbyJay.

过去进行时Jaywassingingasongjustnow.AsongwasbeingsungbyJayjustnow.

现在完成时JayhassunglotsofsongsintheLotsofsongshavebeensungbyJayinthe

pastfewyears.pastfewyears.

过去完成时JayhadsungplentyofsongsbyPlentyofsongshadbeensungbyJaylast

lastyear.year.

过去将来时JaysaidhewouldsingmoreJaysaidmoresongswouldbesunginthe

songsinthefuture.future.

情态动词Jaycansingmanysongs.ManysongscanbesungbyJay.

注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况：

一．被动语态中不定式要还原

Let/make/see/hear/watchsb.dosth.sb.belet/made/seen/heard/watchedtodosth.

1

Mymothermademelookafterthelittlesisteryesterday.

Iwasmadetolookafterthelittlesisterbymymotheryesterday.

二．有些动词没有被动语态。(及物动词才有被动语态)

1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

appear,die，disappear,end(vi.结束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand

breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.

2)系动词无被动语态：

appear,be，become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,

turn

3)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：

fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch，agreewith,arriveat/