小型扫雪车结构设计.doc

小型扫雪车结构设计

摘要

我国北方地区冬季降雪时间长，雪量大，气温低，积雪数日经车辆、行人碾压而被压实。路面上压实冰雪的清除问题关系到社会生产、人民生活、交通安全、环境保护等多个方面。目前国内外对压实冰雪的清除还缺少行之有效的办法。本文结合我国北方地区降雪后的特点及我国国情，主要针对路面上被压实的冰雪研究了路面冰雪清除机械。

本文提出了对路面压实冰雪进行挤压、切削、破碎的技术原理。根据这一原理确定了路面冰雪清除机械基本方案并分析了其工作机理。提出利用装载机为动力机，只需更换上清除冰雪装置，实现了一机多用。研究了传动系统各部件的匹配以及冰雪清除装置与整机的匹配，进行了匹配计算和整机牵引性能分析。根据整机方案及相关条件确定了清除冰雪装置中关键部件碾压滚的构造、重量和有关技术参数；分析研究了碾压滚上刀齿的结构和关键几何参数，确定了刀齿在碾压滚上的排列方式、数量和间距，并根据冰雪的物理机械性质计算了刀齿切削力。

[关键词]冰雪清除切削破碎路面

Abstract

InthenorthofChina,whenthewintercomes,thetimeforsnowingisverylongandtheairtemperatureislow.Thesnowwillbecomeveryhardafterpressedbyvehiclesandfootpassengers.Soatthistimesnowcleaningbecameveryimportanttopeople’sliving,trafficsafetyandsoon.Atpresent,thereisstillnoeffectivemethodforcleaningthepressedsnowintheworld.Inthispaper,accordingtothesituationofourcountry,theauthordidsomeresearchesonthesnow-cleaningmachinewhichusedtocleanthepressedsnowontheroadsurface.

Inthispaper,theauthorputforwardatechnicaltheoryaboutusethemethodofpressing,cuttingandcrackingtocleanthepressedsnow.Accordingtothistheory,theauthorbroughtforwardaprojectforsnow-cleaningmachineandanalyzeditsworkingprinciple.Hereusedtheloaderasthemover,whenitwastimetocleansnowwejustneededtoreplacethebucketwiththesnow-cleaningequipments.Thematchingcalculationofcomponents’oftransmissionsystemandthewholemachinewerestudiedandanalyzed.Accordingtotheproject,wecoulddecidethestructure,weightandrelatedtechnicalparametersoftheidlerwheel.Atthesametime,thepaperalsoanalyzedthestructureandgeometryparametersoftheidlerwheel,gaveamethodabouthowtoarrangethecuttersandhowtodecidethereasonableamountofthecutters,howtocalculatethecutter’scuttingforcebaseonthesnow’sphysicalandmechanicalcharacters.

【Keywords】Snow—CleaningCuttingCrackingRoadsurface

目录