【研报】韩国央行-第一章经济趋势（英）.docx

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【研报】韩国央行-第一章经济趋势（英）.docx

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Ⅰ

EconomicTrends

RealEconomy 3

FinancialandForeignExchangeMarkets 17

RealEconomy1)

GlobalEconomy

In2022,thegrowthoftheglobalecono-myheavilydeceleratedinaccordancewithsimultaneoussluggishnessintheeconomiesofmajorcountries.Bycountry,intheU.S.andtheeuroarea,theeconomicslowdownwasmainlyattributedtopriceinflationandthesubsequentinterestratehikes.InJapanandChina,COVID-19quarantinemeasureswerealeadingfactorbehindtheireconomicdownturn.Therecoveryofglobaltradewasalsoweakened,affectedbytheglobaleco-nomicslowdown.Meanwhile,amidgrowingvolatilityduetotheRussia-Ukrainewar,theglobaleconomicslowdown,andtheOPEC+decisiontocutoilproduction,internationaloilpricesfluctuatedatagenerallyhigherlevelcomparedto2021.Pricesgrewataconsider-ablyfasterrate,affectedbyasurgeinglobalcommodityprices.

FigureⅠ-1.ChangesinGlobalEconomicGrowth

(%) (%)

Ⅰ.Economic

Ⅰ.EconomicTrends1.RealEconomy

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0

-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

-8 -8

2013 2016 2019 2022

Sources:IMF

FigureⅠ-2.GrowthRateofGlobalEconomyandMajorCountries

2020 2021 2022

(%) (%)

SlowdowninGlobalEconomicGrowth 10 10

In2022,thegrowthoftheglobaleconomystagnatedsignificantlyinlinewiththesimul-taneouseconomicdownturnofmajorcoun-tries,whichledtotheestimationthatitwouldremaininthelowertomid-3percentrange.2)ThiswaslargelydrivenbytheprolongedRus-sia-Ukrainewar,China’slockdown,tightenedmonetarypolicystancesofmajoreconomies,

-2

-6

-10

World U.S.EuroAreaJapanChina IndiaASEAN-5

-2

-6

-10

andenergysupplydisruptions.

Sources:IMF,statisticsagenciesofindividualcountries

Adetailedexplanationofeconomictrendsduring2022canbefoundin“I.MonetaryPolicyOperatingConditions”oftheMonetaryPolicyReport(Quarterly)publishedbytheBankofKorea,suchastheMarch2022Issue,June2022Issue,September2