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DataandComputerCommunicationsEighthEditionbyWilliamStallingsLectureslidesbyLawrieBrownChapter4–TransmissionMedia
TransmissionMediaCommunicationchannelsintheanimalworldincludetouch,sound,sight,andscent.Electriceelsevenuseelectricpulses.Ravensalsoareveryexpressive.Byacombinationvoice,patternsoffeathererectionandbodypostureravenscommunicatesoclearlythatanexperiencedobservercanidentifyanger,affection,hunger,curiosity,playfulness,fright,boldness,anddepression.—MindoftheRaven,BerndHeinrich
Overviewguided-wire/opticalfibreunguided-wirelesscharacteristicsandqualitydeterminedbymediumandsignalinunguidedmedia-bandwidthproducedbytheantennaismoreimportantinguidedmedia-mediumismoreimportantkeyconcernsaredatarateanddistance
DesignFactorsbandwidthhigherbandwidthgiveshigherdataratetransmissionimpairmentseg.attenuationinterferencenumberofreceiversinguidedmediamorereceiversintroducesmoreattenuation
ElectromagneticSpectrum
TransmissionCharacteristicsofGuidedMedia??FrequencyRangeTypicalAttenuationTypicalDelayRepeaterSpacingTwistedpair(withloading)0to3.5kHz0.2dB/km@1kHz50μs/km2kmTwistedpairs(multi-paircables)0to1MHz0.7dB/km@1kHz5μs/km2kmCoaxialcable0to500MHz7dB/km@10MHz4μs/km1to9kmOpticalfiber186to370THz0.2to0.5dB/km5μs/km40km
TwistedPair
TwistedPair-TransmissionCharacteristicsanalogneedsamplifiersevery5kmto6kmdigitalcanuseeitheranalogordigitalsignalsneedsarepeaterevery2-3kmlimiteddistancelimitedbandwidth(1MHz)limiteddatarate(100MHz)susceptibletointerferenceandnoise
UnshieldedvsShieldedTPunshieldedTwistedPair(UTP)ordinarytelephonewirecheapesteasiesttoinstallsuffersfromexternalEMinterferenceshieldedTwistedPair(STP)metalbraidorsheathingthatreducesinterferencemoreexpensivehardertohandle(thick,heavy)inavarietyofcategories-seeEIA-568
UTPCategories
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