Community-Acquired-Pneumonia-CAP社区获得性肺炎省名师课赛课获.pptx

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Community-Acquired-Pneumonia-CAP社区获得性肺炎省名师课赛课获.pptx

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CommunityAcquiredPneumonia(CAP)BradleyK.Harrison,M.D.

CAPdefinedPneumonianotacquiredinahospitaloralong-termcarefacilityHospitalacquiredpneumoniaHealthcareassociatedpneumonia:otherhealthcarefacilitiessuchasnursinghomes,dialysiscenters,andoutpatientclinics

IntroductionEstimated5.6millioncasesofCAPoccurannuallyintheUnitedStatesEstimatedtotalannualcostforCAPintheUnitedStatesis$8.4billion92%ofcostwithinpatienttherapyBecauseCAPistheonlyacuterespiratorytractinfectioninwhichthereisincreasedmortalityifantibiotictherapyisdelayed,diagnosticandtreatmentdecisionsneedtobemadeaccuratelyandefficientlyMortalityrateamonghospitalizedpatientswithCAPvarieseachyearandcanreach35%

EpidemiologyUnclearbecausefewpopulation-basedstatisticsforCAPaloneareavailableCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)combinespneumoniawithinfluenzawhencollectingdataonmorbidityandmortalityIn2023,influenzaandpneumoniacombinedwerethe7thleadingcasesofdeathintheU.S.Downfrom6thinpreviousyearsDeathrateof21.8per100,000patients

ClinicalPresentationPneumoniaisaninflammationorinfectionofthelungsthatcausesthemtofunctionabnormallyClassifiedastypicaloratypical,althoughtheclinicalpresentationsareoftensimilarSeveralsymptomscommonlypresentinpatientswithpneumoniaApproximately20-33%ofepisodesresultinhospitalization

EtiologyTypical:upto70%UsuallycausedbyStreptococcuspneumoniaeAtypical:30-40%“MyLungsContainViruses”MycoplasmapneumoniaeLegionellapneumophilaChlamydiapneumoniaeViruses:Influenza,AdenovirusMaybeco-pathogensinothercases

SymptomsCough,fever,chills,fatigue,dyspnea,rigors,andpleuriticchestpainDependingonthepathogen,coughmaybepersistentanddry,oritmayproducesputumOtherpresentationsmayincludeheadacheandmyalgiaCertainetiologies,suchaslegionella,alsomayproducegastrointestinal