英语语言学概论一.pdf

《英语语言学概论》一

I.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordbeginningwiththelettergiven:

1.Modernlinguisticsisdescriptive___ratherthanprescriptive.

2.Consonantscanbedescribedintermsofplaces__ofarticulation,mannersofarticul

ation,andvoicing___.

3.Allophones___arevariantsofthesamephonemeindifferentphoneticcontexts.

4.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageiscalledmorpheme___.

5.AccordingtoSaussure,alinguisticsigniscomposedofsignifier_andsignified__.

6.Generallinguisticsisbasedontheviewthatlanguageasasystemcomposedofthre

easpects:sound,structure_andmeaning.

7.Monophthongsanddiphthongs__aretwomajortypesofvowels.

8.Sequencesthatarepossiblebutdonotoccuryetarecalledaccidental__gap,e.g./bl

ik/,/bilk/,/klib/,and/kilb/.

9.Meanings_andsounds_makeuptwosubsystemsoflanguage.

10.Thelanguageusedtotalkaboutlanguageiscalledmetalanguage__.

11.AccordingtoM.A.K.Halliday,languageplaysthreemetafunctionssimultaneously

:theideationalfunction,theinterpersonal__functionandthetextual___function.

12.Chineseisatypicaltone___language.M(mother),m(hemp)m(horse)m(scold),

forexample,arefourdistinguishedwords.

13.Thetotalnumberofwordsstoredinthebrainiscalledlexicon__,whichcanbeun

derstoodasamentaldictionary.

14.Wordslikewent,whichisnotrelatedinformtoindicategrammaticalcontrastwit

htheroot,arecalledsuppletives_____.

15.Semantics__isdefinedasthestudyofmeaning.

16.Synonym__arewordswhichhavedifferentformsbutsimilarmeanings.

II.Indicatethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.PutTfortrueandFforfalsein

thebrackets:

(T)1.TheSwisslinguistdeSaussureregardedthelinguisticsignascomposedof

soundimageandreferent.

F

()2.Chineseisanagglutinatinglanguage.

F

()3.Nota