社会语言学近年原文.pptx

8/24/2024总纲导论语言变异与语言变体双语和多语现象与语言忠诚言语交际语言与文化语言接触社会发展和语言竞争社会语言学的应用

8/24/2024WilliamLabov(bornDecember4,1927)isanAmericanlinguist,widelyregardedasthefounderofthedisciplineofvariationistsociolinguistics.Hehasbeendescribedasanenormouslyoriginalandinfluentialfigurewhohascreatedmuchofthemethodologyofsociolinguistics.HeisemployedasaprofessorinthelinguisticsdepartmentoftheUniversityofPennsylvania,andpursuesresearchinsociolinguistics,languagechange,anddialectology.

8/24/2024DellHymes(June7,1927,Portland,Oregon-November13,2009,Charlottesville,Virginia)wasasociolinguist,anthropologist,andfolkloristwhoseworkdealtprimarilywithlanguagesofthePacificNorthwest.Hewasoneofthefirsttocallthefourthsubfieldofanthropologylinguisticanthropologyinsteadofanthropologicallinguistics.Theterminologicalshiftdrawsattentiontothefieldsgroundinginanthropologyratherthaninwhatbythattimewasalreadybecomeanautonomousdiscipline(linguistics).

8/24/2024PeterTrudgill(born1943inNorwich,England)isasociolinguist,academicandauthor.HegrewupinNorwich,whereheattendedtheCityofNorwichSchoolfrom1955.TrudgillstudiedmodernlanguagesatKingsCollege,Cambridge.HewaslaterawardedaPh.D.fromtheUniversityofEdinburghin1971.HetaughtintheDepartmentoflinguisticscienceattheUniversityofReadingfrom1970to1986,beforebecomingprofessorofsociolinguisticsattheUniversityofEssex.

8/24/2024第一章导论§1.1社会语言学的诞生社会语言学是语言学中的重要研究领域或分支之一，它是研究语言和社会的关系的学科。WilliamBright1964“社会语言学的任务是在于描述语言和社会结构的共变”。即语言变异或变体受社会变量的影响。NessaWolfson1983“Whosayswhattowhom,whenandhow”.

8/24/2024社会语言学的诞生1935年，英国语言学家J.R.Firth提出了“社会学语言学”（sociologicallinguistics）,类似于今天社会语言学的分支之一“语言社会学”（sociologyoflanguage）1949年，美国语言学家MarioPei出版题为《语言的故事》（StoryofLanguage）1960年，美国K.L.Pike发表了《语言与人类行为结构理论的关系》（LanguageinRelationtoaUnifiedTheoryoftheStructure