期末试题B(答案)(语言学导论).pdfVIP

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广州大学2008-2009学年第一学期考试卷(答案)

课程语言学导论考试形式（闭卷，考试）

I.Decidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions(1×20=

20%)

1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.D7.C8.D9.B10.C

11.D12.B13.D14.A15.B16.B17.B18.D19.A20.A

II.Fillintheblanks(1×20=20%)

1.interaction

2.abstract

3.particular

4.obstruction

5.similar

6.rules

7.social

8.meaning

9.falsehood

10.words

11.sentence

12.semantic

13.reference

14.experience

15.structure

16.comprehension

17.referent

18.cohere

19.structural

20.speech

III.Givedefinitionstothefollowingterms(2×5=10%)

1.morpheme—aminimalunitofmeaningorgrammaticalfunction

2.categories—theproductsofcategorization

3.phonology—thestudyordescriptionofthedistinctivesoundunitsofalanguageandtheir

relationship

4.syntax—thestudyofsentencestructure

5.pragmatics—abranchoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinuse

IV.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish(1×10=10%)

1.中缀:infix

2.辅音:consonant

3.言语行为:speechact

4.蕴涵:entailment

5.二重性:duality

6.语境:context

7.范畴:category

8.连贯:coherence

9.施事:agent

10.音节:syllable

V.Oneofthemainfeaturesofhumanlanguagesisarbitrariness.Canyoubrieflyexplain

whatthisfeaturerefersto?Supportyourargumentwithexamples(10%)

Byarbitrariness,wemeanthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsandsounds.

Adogmightbeapigifonlythefirstpersonorgroupofpersonshaduseditforapig.

Languageisthereforelargelyarbitrary.Butlanguageisnotabsolutelyarbitrary,becausethere

arecaseswherethereareoratleastseemtobesomesound-meaningassociation,ifwethink

ofechowordslikebang,crash,roar,whicharemotivatedinacertainsense.Secondly,some

compound