专题01 阅读理解记叙文说明文（解析版）公开课教案教学设计课件资料.docxVIP

PAGE1

PAGE1

专题01阅读理解记叙文说明文

（一）

（2023下·广东·高一校联考期中）Duringtheoutbreakofnovelcoronavirus,wearingmasksiswidelybelievedtobeasimplebuteffectivemethodtoprotectoneselffromavarietyofharmfulthings.Infact,maskshavebeenhelpingmankindforcenturies.Let’stakealookatsomemask-relatedhistory.

1stcentury

Inthatera,manypeopleinRomanEmpireworkedundergroundinminestosupporttheirfamilies.Butmostofthemsufferedfromandeveneventuallydiedofrespiratory(呼吸的)illnesses.Tohandlethisproblem,PlinytheElder(23—79AD),aRomanphilosopherandnaturalist,recommendedtheuseofanimalbladder(膀胱)skinstostopdustfrombeinginhaled(吸入).Althoughprimitive,hisideawasconsideredtheveryfirstrecordedmaskinvention.

16thcentury

EarlyinventionsdidnotstopwithPliny.Manycenturieslater,ItalianartistandinventorLeonardodaVinci(1452—1519),suggestedusingawovenclothdippedinwateroverthefacetoprotectagainstthetoxic(有毒的)chemicals.

19thcentury

Thedesignofthemasktookabigstepforwardinthe19thcentury.In1848,AmericanLewisHassleybecamethefirstpersontopatent(注册专利)aprotectivemaskforminers,whichwasamilestoneinfacemaskhistory.Masksatthisstageweresimilartogasmasks.Later,in1897,Polish-AustriandoctorJohannvonMikulicz-Radeckidesignedasimplemaskmadeupofonelayerofgauze(纱布),recommendingmedicalworkerstowearittopreventinfection.Thatwasthefirstrecordeduseofasurgicalmask.

20thcentury

In1910,anepidemicbrokeoutinNortheastChina.ChinesedoctorWuLiandedesignedacheapfacemaskcalled“Wu’smask”.Madeoftwolayersofsurgicalgauze,itcouldbewrappedaroundthebackoftheheadandtiedinaknot.Thismaskwaspraisedbymanyexpertsaroundtheworld,asitwassimpletomakeandhadalowproductioncost.

Modernexploration

Withseveraloutbreaksofinfectiousdiseasesandtheflu,andtheriseofpollution