超实用一轮复习通关必备 必考语法速记精练 .docxVIP

必考语法知识点速记精练

一、高中英语语法基本框架图

二、必考语法知识点速记精炼

名词

核心考点1：可数名词变复数

规则变化

变化规则

例词

1

一般情况在词尾加-s

experiment(实验)→experiments;human(人类)→humans(2021);crowd(人群)→crowds(2017);day→days(2016);death→deaths(死亡数量);person→persons或people

2

以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es,注意th结尾直接加-s

dish(碟子;饭菜)→dishes;branch(树枝)→

branches;box→boxes

3

以-f或-fe结尾的词

变-f和-fe为v再加-es

leaf(叶子)→leaves;shelf(架子;书架→shelves

口诀助记：妻子(wife-wives)持刀(knife-knives)去宰狼(wolf-wolves)，小偷(thief-thieves)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf-shelves)后保己(self-selves)命(life-lives)，半(half-halves)片树叶(leaf-leaves)遮目光

个别的加-s

roof(房顶)→roofs;chief(首领;酋长)→chiefs;proof(证据)→proofs;chef(厨师)→chefs

4

以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es

activity→activities(2021);study(研究）→studies;strategy(策略)→strategies;factory(工厂)→factories

5

以-o结尾的名词

一般加-s

photo(照片)→photos;bamboo(竹子)→bamboos

少数加-es

heroes→heroes；potato→potatoes

口诀助记：黑人(negroes)英雄(heroes)爱吃土豆(potatoes)西红柿(tomatoes)和芒果(mangoes)

不规则变化

变化规则

例词

1

改变内部元音字母

foot→feet★;tooth→teeth★;goose(鹅)→geese;man→men★;policeman→policemen★

2

单复数相同

sheep→sheep★;fish(活鱼)→fish★（鱼肉为不可数名词）;Chinese(中国人)→Chinese;means(方式)→means;series(系列)→series;species(物种)→species

3

无规则变化

child→children★;mouse→mice;ox(公牛)→oxen;medium(媒体)→media;bacterium→bacteria(细菌);phenomenon(现象)→phenomena

4

合成

名词

将主体名词变为复数

passer-by(路人)→passers-by;

son-in-law(女婿)→sons--in-law

无主体名词将最后一部分变为复数

grown-up(成年人)→grown-ups

将两部分都变为复数

womansinger→women-singers

对点练习

AlthoughBeethovencouldn’thearthe__________(instrument)beingplayed,hecouldstillhearthesoundtheymadeinhishead.

Therehavebeentwelve__________(death)reported,andallcasesarereportedtohaveahistoryofcigarettesmoking.

MakingChinese__________(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.

InSichuanProvince,thegovernmentisclosing__________(factory)downbecausethere’snotenoughenergy.

Everyoneissupposedtoputbooksbacktothe__________(shelf)whentheclosingbellissounded.

(2021年新高考I卷)Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtin