基于PCA的巢湖抱书河污染源解析研究.docxVIP

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基于PCA的巢湖抱书河污染源解析研究

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单宇陈俊吴克

摘要：针对巢湖抱书河流域16个监测断面的COD、NH3-N、TP，利用单因子指数法和综合污染指数法进行了枯水期、平水期和丰水期的水质评价。结果表明，枯水期COD超地表V类水标准断面占比为50%，NH3-N为75%，TP为25%，平水期分别为100%、75%、100%，丰水期为81.25%、62.5%、75%，总体水质属于Ⅴ类和劣Ⅴ类水;综合污染指数评价结果，枯水期监测断面轻度污染占比6.25%、中度污染占比43.75%、重度污染占比43.75%、严重污染占比6.25%，平水期重度污染占比43.75%、严重污染占比56.25%，丰水期重度污染占比31.25%、严重污染占比68.75%，枯水期水质略优于平水期和丰水期;对NH3-N、TP、COD、pH、DO、浊度、电导率指标进行了主成分分析，结果显示，氮磷为水质恶化的主要污染源。

关键词：环巢湖;水环境;源解析;水质评价

X524A1007-7731（2020）06-0074-03

Abstract：TheCOD，NH3-NandTPof16monitoringsectionsinBaoshuRiverBasinofChaohucitywereevaluatedbysinglefactorindexmethodandcomprehensivepollutionindexmethodinthelowflowperiod，normalflowperiodandhighflowperiod.TheresultsshowedthattheproportionofCODexceedingthesurfaceVstandardsectioninthelowflowperiodwas50%，NH3-Nwas75%，TPwas25%，theproportionofCODwas100%，NH3-Nwas75%，TPwas100%inthenormalflowperiod，theproportionofCODwas81.25%，NH3-Nwas62.5%andTPwas75%inthehighflowperiod，respectively.ThewaterqualitybelongstoclassVandinferiorclassVwater.Theresultsofcomprehensivepollutionindexevaluationshowedthattheratiooftheminorpollutioninthemonitoringsectionwas6.25%，themoderatepollutionwas43.75%，andtheseverepollutionwas43.75%inthelowflowperiod.Theratioofthemonitoringsectionoftheseriouspollutionwas6.25%，andtheseverepollutionwas43.75%inthenormalflowperiod.Theratioofthemonitoringsectionoftheseriouspollutionwas56.25%，theseverepollutionwas31.25%，andtheseriouspollutionwas68.75%inthehighflowperiod.Thewaterqualityinthelowflowperiodwasslightlybetterthanthatinnormalflowperiod.ThemaincomponentsofNH3-N，TP，COD，pH，DOandconductivitywereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatnitrogenandphosphoruswerethemainpollutionsources.

Keywords：ChaohuLake;Waterenvironment;Sourceanalysis;Waterqualityassessment

1引言

當前，环巢湖小流域