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控制系统的介绍英文翻译--第1页
IntroductiontoControlSystem
1.1HISTORICALPERSPECTIVE
Thedesiretocontroltheforcesofnaturehasbeenwithmansince
earlycivilizations.Althoughmanyexamplesofcontrolsystemsexistedin
earlytimes,itwasnotuntilthemid-eighteenthcenturythatseveral
steamengine,andperhapsthemostnoteworthyinventionwasthespeed
controlflyballgovernorinventedbyJamesWatt.
Theperiodbiginnignabouttwenty-fiveyearsbeforeWorldWarTwo
sawrapidadvancesinelectronicsandespeciallyincircuittheory,aided
bythenowclassicalworkofNyquistintheareaofstabilitytheory,The
requirementsofsophisticatedweaponsystems,submarines,aircraftand
thelikegavenewimpetustotheworkincontrolsystemsbeforeandafter
thewarTheadventoftheanalogcomputercoupledwithadvancesin
electronicssawthebeginningoftheestablishmentofcontrolsystemsasa
science.ByThemid-fifties,theprogressindigitalcomputershadgiven
theengineersanewtoolthatgreatlyenhancedtheircapabilitytostudy
largeandcomplexsystems.Theavailabilityofcomputersalsoopenedthe
eraofdata-logging,computercontrol,andthestatespaceofmodern
methodofanalysis.
Thesputnikbeganthespaceraceandlargegovernmental
expendituresinthespaceaswellasmilitaryeffort.Duringthistime.
circuitsbecameminiaturizedandlargesophisticatedsystemscouldbeput
togetherverycompactlytherebyallowingacomputationalandcontrol
advantagecoupledwithsystemsofsmallphysicaldimensions.Wewere
nowcapableofdesigningandflying
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