英国文学浪漫主义文学Romanticism.doc

浪漫主义文学Romanticism

历史背景Historicalbackground

Romanticism(ortheRomanticera/Period)wasanartistic,literary,andintellectualmovementthatoriginatedinthesecondhalfofthe18thcenturyinEuropeandstrengthenedinreactiontotheIndustrialRevolution.浪漫主义是开始于18世纪西欧的艺术、文学、和文化运动，大约就发生在1790年工业革命开始的前后。

TheRomanticperiod,beganin1798,theyearofthefirsteditionofLyricalBalladsbyWordsworthandColeridgeandofthecompositionofHymnstotheNightbyNovalis,andendedin1832,theyearwhichmarkedthedeathsofbothSirWalterScottandGoethe.

Historicalbackground

TheearlyRomanticperiodcoincideswithwhatisoftencalledthe“ageofrevolutions”--including,ofcourse,theAmerican(1776)andtheFrench(1789)revolutions--anageofupheavals(动乱)inpolitical,economic,andsocialtraditions,theagewhichwitnessedtheinitialtransformationsoftheIndustrialRevolution.

ArevolutionaryenergywasatthecoreofRomanticism,whichquiteconsciouslysetouttotransformnotonlythetheoryandpracticeofpoetry(andallart),buttheverywayweperceivetheworld.

Attentiontotheouterworldofsocialcivilizationisalteredtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit.Italsoplacestheindividualatthecenterofart,makingliteraturemostvaluableasanexpressionofthisorheruniquefeelingsparticularattitudes.

TheRomanticsfeltthattheexistingsocietydeniedpeopletheiressentialhumanneeds,sotheydemonstratedastrongreactionagainstthedominantmodesofthinkingofthe18th-centurywritersphilosophers.Wheretheirpredecessorssawmanasasocialanimal,theRomanticssawhimessentiallyasanindividualinthesolitarystateemphasizedthespecialqualitiesofeachindividualsmind.

CharacteristicsofRomanticism

Imagination

Worshipofnature

Symbolismandmyth

Simplicityandhumanity

Spontaneity

Intensity

OverviewofRomanticliterature

Theromanticperiodisanageofpoetry.WordsworthandColeridgearethem