初中英语 延续与非延续性动词的现在完成时课件.pptVIP

延续动词与非延续动词

动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词、短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。

用法：１、它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在．e.g.Hehascomeback.Thefilmhasbegun.2、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰．e.g.Ihaven’theardfromUncleWangforalongtime.Wehaven’tseenhimsince1992.

3、还可改用一般过去时来表达．e.g.Hecamebackaweekago.4、也可用“Itis﹢一段时间﹢since…”句型来表达．e.g.Itisaweeksincehecameback.

非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：①、用相应的延续性动词；buy------have,borrow-----keep,puton------wear,catch/getacold------haveacold,come/go/become------be.②、转换成be﹢名词;jointheParty------beaPartymember,jointhearmy------beasoldier,gotoschool------beastudent.

③、转换成be+介词短语:gotoschool------beinschool,jointhearmy------beinthearmy.④、转换成be+adj./adv.:die------bedead,finish------beover,begin/start------beon,leave(…)------beaway(from),close------beclosed,open------beopen,fallasleep------beasleep.

Themeetingstarted15minutesago.Themeetinghasbeenonfor15minutes.Thetrainlefthalfanhourago.Thetrainhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.Hebegantoteachhere16yearsago.Hehastaughtherefor16years.JamesstartedtoworkforMAPAdvertisinglastyear.JameshasworkedforMAPAdvertisingforayear.

Hestartedtoplaychessattheageoffive.Hestartedtoplaychesswhenhewasfive.Hehasplayedthechesssincehewasfive.Hehasplayedthechessforsevenyears.Istartedtoworkhere15yearsago.Ihaveworkedheresince15yearsago.Ihaveworkedherefor15years.TheymovedtoParistwoyearsago.Theyhavelivedherefortwoyears.Theyhavelivedheresincetwoyearsago.

Eg.1.Iboughtthebooktwodaysago.Ihavehadthebookfortwodays.2.Heborrowedthebookthreemonthsago.Hehaskeptthebooksi