四川省雅安市多校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷(含答案).pdfVIP

四川省雅安市多校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试

卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

FourInventionsThatChangedtheWorld

Thecourseofhumanevolutionhasbeenfilledwithinventions.Thefollowinginventions

changedtheworldinonewayoranother.

Match

Manyofuswonderwhatlifewaslikebeforematches.WecanthankaBritishpharmacist

andhisdirtymixingstick.In1820s,JohnWalkernoticedadriedlumpontheendofastick

whilehewasstirringamixofchemicals.Whenhetriedtoscrape(刮掉)itoff,flames

appeared.Theinitialmatchesweremadeofcardboardbutsoonthematchescameinabox

equippedwithapieceofsandpaperforstriking.

Penicillin

Penicillinwasdiscoveredin1928whenayoungbacteriologist,AlexanderFleming,was

tidyinguphislab.Afterhavingbeenonvacation,hereturnedtoworktofindthatadishof

Staphylococcusbacteriahadbeenleftuncovered,andhenoticedthatmould(霉菌)onthe

culturehadkilledmanyofthebacteria.Hisfurtherresearchfoundthatitcouldkillother

bacteria.

MicrowaveOven

Ofallthesci-fikitchenappliances,themicrowaveovenreallyrelievestheloadon

housewives.Itwasdiscoveredinthe1940s.WhenPercySpencer,anengineer,wasworking

onamagnetron(磁控管)，henoticedthatachocolatebarinhispockethadstartedtomelt

duetothemicrowaves.Spencerfoundthatindeed,whenfoodwasplacedintheboxwiththe

microwaveenergy,itcookedquickly.

Plastic

Thefirstplasticwasinventedin1907byLeoHendrikBaekeland.Hisinitialquestwasto

inventareadyreplacementforshellac(虫胶)，anexpensiveproductgotfromlacbeetles.

Baekelandcombinedformaldehyde(甲醛)withawasteproductofcoal,andheatedthe

mixture.Ratherthanashellac-likematerial,hecreatedasubstance