世界银行-发展中国家的出口导向型产业政策：有办法挑选赢家吗？（英）-2024.9.pdf

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IsThereaWaytoPickWinners?

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DevelopmentEconomics

DevelopmentResearchGroup

September2024

PolicyResearchWorkingPaper10902

Abstract

Industrialpolicyprioritizesgrowthinspecificsectors.Yetdevelopingcountriesareproductiveinfewersectorsand

thereislittleagreementabouthowtotargetsectorsinprac-havelesstechnology,targetingcanbemorevaluablefor

tice,andmanyarguethatgovernmentscannotpickwinners.them.Exportpromotionagenciesareinstitutionsthathave

Thisessayobservesthatgovernmentscananddoidentifydemonstratedeffectivenessincoordinatingpublicinputs

tradablesectorswherepublicinputsaccelerategrowthandtogrowthesesectors.Comparedtoprotectionism,this

generateeconomicbenefits.Thesestrategicsectorsare:(i)alternativeapproachto‘industrialpolicy’ischeaper,less

thosethatarerelativelymoreproductive,and(ii)thosethatsusceptibletocapturebyunproductivefirms,andpermissi-

arerelativelylessproductivebutrequiretechnologylikebleundertherulesofinternationaltradeagreements.Many

thecountry’sexistingtechnologyandhaverapidlygrow-