稀土基本知识.docxVIP

稀土基本知识

目录

一、稀土概述................................................3

1.1稀土的定义与分类.....................................4

1.2稀土在元素周期表中的位置.............................5

1.3稀土元素的性质与应用.................................5

二、稀土元素简介............................................6

2.1镧系元素.............................................9

2.2铽系元素............................................10

2.3钇系元素............................................11

2.4铌系元素............................................12

2.5钼系元素............................................13

三、稀土矿床类型及特点.....................................14

3.1水源型矿床..........................................15

3.2磁性地层型矿床......................................17

3.3热液型矿床..........................................18

3.4混合型矿床..........................................19

四、稀土提取工艺...........................................20

4.1重选法..............................................21

4.2浮选法..............................................22

4.3磁选法..............................................23

4.4电选法..............................................25

4.5化学选矿法..........................................26

五、稀土金属的制备.........................................27

5.1熔炼法..............................................28

5.2合金化法............................................29

5.3离子交换法..........................................30

5.4湿法冶金法..........................................31

六、稀土材料及其应用.......................................32

6.1稀土永磁材料........................................33

6.2稀土发光材料........................................34

6.3稀土催化材料........................................36

6.4稀土储氢材料........................................37

七、稀土在高科技领域的应用.................................38

7.1稀土在信息技术中的应用..............................39

7.2稀土在新能源、环保领域的应用.........................40

7.3稀土在生物医学、农业领域的应用.......................41

八、稀土资源保护与可持续发展...............................42

8.1稀土资源的现状与面临的问题..............