ITIF-美国数字身份之路（英）-2024.9-18页.pdf

ThePathtoDigitalIdentity

intheUnitedStates

ASHJOHNSON|SEPTEMBER2024

DigitalIDsareamoreconvenient,secure,andversatileoptionthanphysicalIDs,butfew

Americanscurrentlyhaveone.Withtherightinvestmentsandcollaborationbetweenfederaland

stategovernments,AmericanscouldrealizethefullpotentialofdigitalIDs.

KEYTAKEAWAYS

Awell-designeddigitalIDismoreconvenient,secure,privacy-protective,andusablethan

aphysicalID.

CountriesaroundtheworldhavestartedofferingdigitalIDssincetheadventofthe21st

century,takingmanydifferentapproachestodigitalidentitythattheUnitedStatescould

learnfrom.

Currently,12statesoffermobiledriver’slicenses,atypeofdigitalID,andhavefaced

challengessuchasinteroperability,accessibility,usability,andtrust.

Thefewfederaleffortsatanationaldigitalidentitysystemhaveresultedinonlylimited

progresstowardthatgoal.

ToensurethatallAmericanshaveaccesstowell-developeddigitalIDs,thefederal

governmentshouldcoordinateanationwideefforttopromotedigitalIDdevelopment,

implementation,anduse.

CONTENTS

KeyTakeaways1

Introduction2

TheCaseforDigitalIdentity3

DigitalIdentityTrends4

TheCurrentPatchwork7

MobileDriver’sLicenses7

Challenges10

EffortsataNationalStandard12

NISTDigitalIdentityGuidelines12

NationalStrategyforTrustedIdentitiesinCyberspace12

ImprovingDigitalIdentityAct13

TheFutureofDigitalIdentity14

Endnotes16

INTRODUCTION

Theoverwhelmingmajorityofsmartphone-owningAmericanslivetheirday-to-dayliveswiththe

worldvirtuallyattheirfingertips.Theycanstayintouchwithfriendsandfamily,buyandsell

productsandservicesacrossborders,andaccessaseeminglyendlesslibraryofinformationand

entertainmentatthetouchofascr