2024年考研英语真题及解析.doc

全国硕士硕士入学统一考试英語试題

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.1kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis2toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore3.Thenewexperiments,suchasthese4forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanations5ofnon-REMsleep.

Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep6is100percentfataltorats,yet,7_examinationsofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.Aresearcherhasnow

8themysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats9bacterialinfectionsoftheblood,10theirimmunesystems—theself-protectingmechanisrnagainstdisease—hadcrashed.

1.[A]Either [B]Neither [C]Each [D]Any

2.[A]intended [B]required [C]assumed [D]inferred

3.[A]subtle [B]obvious [C]mysterious [D]doubtful

4.[A]maintained [B]described [C]settled [D]afforded

5.[A]inthelight [B]byvirtue [C]withtheexception [D]forthepurpose

6.[A]reduction [B]destruction [C]deprivation [D]restriction

7.[A]upon [B]by [C]through [D]with

8.[A]paidattentionto [B]caughtsightof [C]laidemphasison [D]castlighton

9.[A]develop [B]produce [C]stimulate [D]induce

10.[A]if [B]asif [C]onlyif [D]ifonly

一、文章构造总体分析

睡眠分為浅睡阶段和较長時间的深睡阶段。虽然人們对两个阶段的睡眠都不是十分理解，不过人們推测浅睡对大脑起修复作用。深睡的作用更令人难以理解。在近来睡眠研究协会的会议上，专家們初次描述的新试验，对非快眼动睡眠的作用进行了吸引人的阐释。因剥夺睡眠而死亡的老鼠的尸体检查发現，其免疫系统似乎已瓦解了。

试題解析

1.[答案]B

[解析]本題考核的知识点是：不定代詞的使用方法。

空格上文提到，睡眠分為浅睡阶段和深睡阶段。因此空格处____kindofsleep指的就是这两种睡眠。四个备选项中，首先排除[D]项。any指“任何一种”，如：Youcanbuysugaratanybigstore.你可以在任何一家大商店里买到糖。余下的选项中，each指两个或多种中的每一种，例如：Eachofthemthinksdifferentthoughts.他們中的每一种人均有不一样的想法。either表达两者之一，表达肯定，如：Youcanparkoneithersideofthestreet.在街道的哪边停车都可以。nei