英文-美国的三权分立.ppt

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英文-美国的三权分立

PoliticalSysteminUS

BY

Ifthissceneisreallyplayedoutinreallife,whatwillhappenabouttheU.S.politicallandscape?Incontrasttheancientfeudalsociety,oncetheabsenceofmonarchythenthenationwillhaveabloodystruggleforpower,So,doesthispoliticalscenewillbestagedintheUnitedStates?Ifwewanttoanswerthesequestions,wemustbegintounderstandthebasicpoliticalframeworkoftheUnitedStates-theseparationofpowerssystem.Therewasasceneinthemovie‘AirForceOne’:DuringtheU.S.President’sflightfromRussiatotheUnitedStates,hewassneakedintoadvance,AirForceOne,theRussianterroristshijacking.

ThetheoryChecksandbalancesHowtheyworkinreality?ExercisesChecksBalances三权分立

PersonTheorypracticeJohnLocke(1632-1704)Statepowerintolegislative,executive,externalpowerconstitutionalmonarchyinBritain(1689)Montesquieu(1689-1755)Statepowerintolegislative,executive,externalpower,republicanisminFrance(1789)AlexanderHamilton(1757-1804)emphasizetheseparationoflegislativeandexecutive,Checksandbalances(1787)一、Thetheoryaboutthechecksandbalances

ThesystemofchecksandbalancesisapartofUSConstitution.Itguaranteesthatnopartofthegovernmentbecomestoopowerful.Howtheywork?ChecksBalances

TheConstitutiondividesthepowerofthegovernmenttheExecutivetheLegislativeTheJudicialThePresidentTheCongressTheSupremeCourttheonlybranchifgovern--mentthatcanmakefederalLaws,declarewarandputfor--eigntreatiesintoeffectives13CourtsofAppealsandtheCourtofApplesfortheArmedForcesHeadoftheGovernment;Servingforatermof4yearsandcanbeelectedtoasecondtermTheCabinetincludingtheVicePresidentandtheheadsof5executivedepartm--ents;allareappointedbythePresident100members,2fromeachstate,electedfor6-yearterm;presidedbytheVicePresidentTheSe

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