牛津译林版中考英语二轮专项复习 宾语从句.docxVIP

九年级中考专项复习宾语从句

一、宾语从句的种类

1.由that引导的宾语从句。that没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:

Shesaid(that)shewantedtobuysomegiftsforherfriends.

Hedoesntknow(that)hisgrandmotherisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillpasstheEnglishtext.

2.由代词who，whom,which,what,whose和副词why，how,when，where等引导的宾语从句。这些词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:

Doyouknowwho/whomthegirliswaitingfor?

Theteacheraskedwhosepicturewasthebestinthisgroup.

CanyoutellmewheretheSummerPalaceis?

Ireallydontknowwhytheboygaveupplayingfootball.

3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。他们在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:

Mymotheraskedmewhether/ifIcouldhelphersweepthefloor.

Wewanttoknowif/whethertheboylivesnearthehospital.

二、宾语的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:

Ithink(that)youwilllikeplayingwithmybrother.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettoTiananmenSquare?

三、宾语的时态

1.主句的时态是一般现在时，从句时态依据实际情况而定。例如:

Pleasetelluswheretheywillhaveameetingthisafternoon.

CanyoutellmehowTomwenttoschoolyesterdaymorning?

2.主句的时态是一般过去时，从句一般只能用相应的过去时态。例如:

SheaskedhowlongIstayedinBeijing.

LucysaidthatshehadbeentotheUSthreetimes.

3.宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:

OurEnglishteachersaidthatSundayisthefirstdayofaweek.

Scientistshaveprovedthatourearthmovesaroundthesun.

四、特别注意：

下列几种情况下须用whether,不用if。

(1)从句后面有ornot时，后面只能跟whether,不能跟if。例如:

Idontknowwhethershewillcometothemeetingthisafternoonornot.

(2)后面接不定式或宾语从句时,后面只能跟whether,不能跟if。例如:

MyfamilyaretalkingaboutwhetherwewillflytotheUKnextweek.

Hedoesntknowwhethertocallhismotheratonce.

(3)动词discuss后面只跟whether,不跟if。例如:

Wearediscussingwhetherweshouldhelpthepoorman.

2、当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是think,suppose,believe等时,从句的否定词需要移到前面的主句中,这就是“否定前移”。例如:

Idontthink(that)thevisitorscomefromCanada.

Wedontsuppose(that)shewillgetthefirstplace.

3、否定前移的宾语从句变成反意疑问句的时候，反意疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句一致。例如:

Idontbelievesheisadoctor,isshe?

WedontthinkTomisgoodatswimming,ishe?

4、主句的主语是第二或者第三