石油论文摘要.pdf

加拿大油砂沥青喷雾造粒溶剂体系的选择

SolventSelectionforAsphaltParticlesProductionofCanadianOilSandsBitumen

【摘要】以正戊烷+正己烷、正戊烷+环戊烷2个系列混合物作为溶剂,采用溶剂沉淀法从加

拿大油砂沥青中得到沥青质,通过对沥青质SARA族组成、元素组成、平均分子结构、分子

片层堆积结构的测定,考察了溶剂混合比例对所得沥青质性质的影响。结果表明,随着正己烷

或环戊烷掺入比例的增加,沥青质的收率显著降低,软化点明显提高;正戊烷+环戊烷混合溶剂

更适宜作为加拿大油砂沥青喷雾造粒的溶剂体系,正戊烷中加入少量的环戊烷就能达到沥青

喷雾造粒的要求。在正戊烷中掺入体积分数10%的环戊烷,可将脱油沥青收率降低4百分点,

软化点相应升高10～12℃,从而生产出外观形态良好的沥青粉,可以作为加拿大油砂沥青喷雾

造粒的溶剂体系。

【Abstract】AsphaltenesfromCanadianoilsandsbitumenwereobtainedbysolventprecipitation

withtwomixedsolventsystems,n-pentane+n-hexanemixedsolventandn-pentane+cyclopentane

mixedsolvent.Severalanalyticalmeanswereconductedtostudythevariationofasphaltene

propertieswiththesolventchanging,suchassaturate,aromatic,resinandasphaltene

compositions,elementalcomposition,averagemolecularstructuresandaromaticsheetsstacking

structures.Theexperimentresultsindicatedthattheyieldofasphaltenecouldberemarkable

reducedwiththeincreaseofn-hexaneorcyclopentaneproportioninthemixedsolventandthe

softeningpointofasphalteneincreasedcorrespondingly.Whenthen-pentane+cyclopentanemixed

solventwasusedwithasmallamountofcyclopentaneinn-pentane,thesofteningpointof

asphaltenecouldmeetthedemandforasphaltspraygranulationandthen-pentane+cyclopentane

mixedsolventwassuitabletobethesolventsystemintheasphaltparticlesproductionfrom

Canadianoilsandsbitumen.Then-pentane+cyclopentanemixedsolventcontainingabout10%

cyclopentanecoulddecreasetheyieldofdeoiledasphaltby4percentandpromotethesoftening

pointofasphaltby10-12℃.Hence,niceasphaltparticlescouldbeproduced,andthe

n-pentane+cyclopentanemixedsolventwith10%cyclopentanewouldbetherightcandidate

solventsystemforCanadianoilsandsbitumenprocessing.

海洋油田原油乳化液高频/高压交流电脱水实验

ElectricDehydrationExperimentforOffshoreCrudeOilEmulsionsbyUsingHigh

Frequency/HighVoltageACEle