汉译英增词和减词备课讲稿.pptVIP

汉译英增词和减词

?一、为了保证语法结构的完整：代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名词前都没有代词，需要增补。1．大作收到，十分高兴。Iamverygladtohavereceivedyourwriting.2．没有调查就没有发言权。Hewhomakesnoinvestigationandstudyhasnorighttospeak.3．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。Afteryouhavereadthesestories,telltheminyourownwords.

4．我们响应了祖国的号召。Werespondedtothecallofourmotherland.5．她用手蒙住脸，好象是为了保护眼睛。Shecoveredherfacewithherhands,asiftoprotecthereyes.6.孩子们天天带午饭到学校去吃。Thechildrentaketheirlunchtoschooleveryday.7．我们的心永远向着祖国。Ourheartsarealwaystowardsourmotherland.

连词：汉语重意合，英语重形合，把汉语翻译成英语时，要适当增加连词。1.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。Modestyhelpsonetogoforward,whereasconceitmakesonelagbehind.2．留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Solongasgreenhillsremain,therewillneverbeashortageoffirewood.

3．村里的男女老少都喜欢那个小超市买东西。Menandwomen,oldandyounginthevillage,alllikedshoppinginthatsmallsupermarket.4．我妈妈来了，我得回去了。Mymotherhasarrived,soIhavetoleavenow.5．送君千里，终有一别。Althoughyoumayescortaguestathousandmiles,yetmustthepartingcomeatlast.

介词：英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多。1．我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。Weshouldtrytoeliminatethedifferencesbetweentownandcountry.2．?你白天还是晚上飞广州？DoyouflytoGuangzhouinthedaytimeoratnight?3．?那我们山脚见吧。Let’smeetatthefootofthehill.

增补冠词汉语里无冠词。有冠词是英语的特点之一，名词前一般都有冠词，汉译英时要增补冠词。

她不把他当阿公，而当作亲爹。Sheconsideredhimnotafather-in-lawbutafather.我们对问题要作全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。Wemustmakeacomprehensiveanalysisofproblembeforeitcanbeproperlysolved.

二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。文中暗含的意思：1．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。EveryoneknowsthatlifeontheKoreanbattlefieldwasratherhard.2．要提倡顾全大局。Weshouldadvocatethespiritoftakingthewholesituationintoconsideration.

添加注释性的词语：1．班门弄斧Showoffone’sproficiencywiththeaxebeforeLuban,themastercarpenter.Showoffone’sskillswiththeaxebeforeanexpertcarpenter.2．三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。ThreecobblerswiththeirwitscombinedequalZhugeLiangthemastermind.

3.这对年轻夫妇并不相配，一个是西施，一个是张飞。Thisyoungcoupleisnotwell-matched,oneisa