吞咽障碍的康复详解课件.docxVIP

吞咽障碍的康复详解课件

目录

一、概述....................................................3

1.吞咽障碍定义..........................................4

2.吞咽障碍分类..........................................4

3.吞咽障碍危害..........................................5

二、吞咽障碍的原因..........................................6

1.老年性吞咽困难........................................7

2.神经肌肉性疾病........................................8

3.呼吸系统疾病..........................................9

4.消化系统疾病.........................................10

5.其他原因.............................................11

三、吞咽障碍评估...........................................12

1.临床评估.............................................13

2.影像学检查...........................................14

3.电生理检查...........................................16

4.实验室检查...........................................17

四、吞咽障碍康复治疗.......................................18

1.营养支持.............................................19

1.1饮食调整..........................................20

1.2营养补充..........................................22

2.口腔运动训练.........................................23

2.1咀嚼训练..........................................25

2.2唇舌运动训练......................................27

2.3非言语沟通训练....................................28

3.呼吸训练.............................................29

3.1呼吸肌训练........................................30

3.2呼吸技巧训练......................................32

4.心理支持.............................................34

4.1认知行为疗法......................................35

4.2心理疏导..........................................36

5.药物治疗.............................................37

5.1利尿剂............................................38

5.2抗抑郁药..........................................39

5.3抗惊厥药..........................................39

6.手术治疗.............................................41

6.1下颌骨手术........................................42

6.2神经修复手术..................