烟台市小学英语知识点总结单词及语法.docx

小学语法知识点：

1.人称代词

主格：Iweyousheheitthey

宾格：meusyouherhimitthem

形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir

名词性物主代词：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs

2.形容词和副词的比较级

(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er

oldertallerlongerstronger,etc

(2)多音节词前+more

moreinteresting,etc.

(3)双写最后一个字母，再+er

biggerfatter,etc.

(4)把y变i，再+er

heavier,earlier

(5)不规则变化：

well-better,much/many-more,etc.

3.可数词的复数形式

Mostnouns+sabook–books

Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastory—stories

Nounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglass—glassesawatch-watches

Nounsendingino+sor+esapiano—pianosamango—mangoes

Nounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknife–knivesashelf-shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread,rice,water,juiceetc.

5.缩略形式

I’m=Iamyou’re=youareshe’s=sheishe’s=heis

it’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotetc

6.a/an

abook,apeach

anegganhour

7.Preposition:

on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.

表示时间：atsixo’clock,atChristmas,atbreakfast

onMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDay

intheeveninginDecemberinwinter

8.基数词和序数词

one–firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth

9.Some/any

Ihavesometoysinmybedroom.

Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters

10.be动词

(1)Basicform:am/are/is

(2)一定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.

Myeyesare(not)small.

Myhairis(not)long.

（3）一般疑问句：AmIaChnieseYes,youare.No,youaren’t.

AretheyAmericanYes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.

IsthecatfatYes,itis.No,itisn’t.

11.therebe结构

一定句：Thereisa…

Thereare…

一般疑问句:Isthere…Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.

Arethere…Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.

否定句：Thereisn’t….Therearen’t….

12.祈使句

Sitdownplease

Don’tsitdown,please.

13.现在进行时.通常用“now”.

形式：be+verb+ing

eg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.

You/We/Theyare(not)reading.

He/She/Itis(not)eating.

动词—ing的形式

Mostverbs+ingwalk—walking

Verbsendingine-e+ingcome—coming

Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrun–runningswim—swimming

14.一般现在时。通常用“usu