饲料碳水化合物水平对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长、体成分和血清生化指标的影响.pdfVIP

饲料碳水化合物水平对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长、体成分和血清生

化指标的影响

吴凡;文华;蒋明;刘伟;仲维玮;田娟

【摘要】Total450juvenilehybridtilapia(Oreochromisniloticus♀x0.

Aureus♂)[av.Wt.(2.79±0.28)g]wererandomlydistributedinto5

groupsfor10weeks.Fiveiso-lipidic(7%crudelipid)dietswereformulated

containingfivecarbohydrate(CBH)levels;20%,27%,34%,41%and48%,

whereasproteinlevelswere48%,41%,34%,27%and20%respectively.

Themassgainrates(MGR)andspecificgrowthrates(SGR)of41%group

weresignificantlyhigherthanthoseof20%,27%and48%group(P0.

05).Thefeedconversionrates(FCR)of34%groupwerethelowest,

significantlylowerthanthoseof20%and48%group(F0.05).The

hepatopancreassomaticindex(HIS)andviscerosomaticindex(VSI)of41%

and48%groupweresignificantlyhigherthantheotherthreegroups(P0.

05).Crudeproteincontentinwhole-bodyandliveroffishdecreasedwith

theincreasingdietaryCBHlevels,whilebodyandliverlipidshowed

conversetrend.Thecholesterol(CHO),triglyceride(TG)andlowdensity

lipoproteincholesterol(LDL-C)reachedtothepeakwithdietaryCBHlevel

at48%,whilehighdensitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C)showed

conversetrend.Thehighestactivitiesofaspartateaminotrans-ferase(AST)

andalanineaminotransferase(ALT)wereobservedin48%group.The

resultsindicatedthatCBHcouldsparesomeproteininthedietaryof

juvenilehybridtilapia;theoptimaldietaryCBHlevelwas34%～41%;the

highdietaryCBHlevel(48%)significantlyimprovedtheCHOandTGand

damagedliverfunctionoffish.%以饲料脂肪水平为7％,碳水化合物水平分别为

20％、27％、34％、41％、48％(相应的蛋白质水平为48％、41％、34％、

27％、20％)的5组纯化饲料,投喂初始体质量为(2.79±0.28)g的奥尼罗非鱼

Oreochromisniloticus♀×O.aureus♂幼鱼10周.结果表明:随着饲料碳水化合物

水平的升高,奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼的增质量率和特定生长率先上升后下降,在41％组达到

最高,并显著高于20％、27％和48％组(P＜0.05),饲料系数以34％组最低,显著低

于20％和48％组(P＜0.05),肝体比、脏体比呈逐渐升高趋势,41％和48％组显著

高于前3组(P＜0.05);全鱼和肝脏粗蛋白含量随着饲料碳水化合物水平的升高显著