商务英语翻译4被动语态-从句-长难句课件市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptVIP

第九章被动语态翻译

ChapterNinePassiveVoiceinEnglish-ChineseTranslation第1页第1页

英语一个明显特点是广泛使用被动语态,在科技文章中尤为如此。下列面一段英语文章为例,在14个谓语动词中,13个使用是被动语态。Asoilisfounddeepintheground,itspresencecannotbedeterminedbyastudyofthesurface.Consequently,ageologicalsurveyoftheundergroundrockstructuremustbecarriedout.Ifitisthoughtthattherocksinacertainareacontainoil,a“drillingrig（钻塔）”isassembled（装配）.Themostobviouspartofadrillingrigiscalled“aderrick（油井铁架塔）”.Itisusedtoliftsectionsofpipe,第2页第2页

接上文whichareloweredintotheholemadebythedrill.Astheholeisbeingdrilled(钻孔）,asteelpipeispusheddowntopreventthesidesfromfallingin.Ifoilisstruck,acoverisfirmlyfixedtothetopofthepipeandtheoilisallowedtoescapethroughaseriesofvalves.第3页第3页

ComparisonbetweentheEnglishVersionandtheChineseVersionoftheparagraph:Asoilisfounddeepintheground,itspresencecannotbedeterminedbyastudyofthesurface.由于石油深埋地下,靠研究地面,不能拟定石油有无。Consequently,ageologicalsurveyoftheundergroundrockstructuremustbecarriedout.因此,对地下岩层结构必须进行地质勘探。Ifitisthoughtthattherocksinacertainareacontainoil,a“drillingrig（钻塔）”isassembled.假如认为某地域岩层含石油,则在该处安装钻机。Themostobviouspartofdrillingrigiscalled“aderrick（油井铁架塔）”.钻机中最显眼部件叫井架。第4页第4页

Itisusedtoliftsectionsofpipe,whichareloweredintotheholemadebythedrill.井架用来吊升分节油管,把油管放入由钻头打出孔中。Astheholeisbeingdrilled,asteelpipeispusheddowntopreventthesidesfromfallingin.当孔钻成时,放入钢管预防孔壁坍塌。Ifoilisstruck,acoverisfirmlyfixedtothetopofthepipeandtheoilisallowedtoescapethroughaseriesofvalves.假如发觉石油,则在油管顶部紧固地加盖,使石油通过一系列阀门流出。第5页第5页

通过对比能够看出:英文翻译成中文时，中文中很少使用被动语态;英语中含有被动语态句子在汉语翻译过程中要变成积极句，这样才干符合汉语译文习惯。英语被动语态通惯用于下列5种情况:主语不明或不必提及Riceischieflygrowninthesouth.为特殊目的强调动作实行Thesongwascomposedbyaworker.第6页第6页

为文体需要避免结构转换造成衔接不妥