胎头吸引与产钳处理难产的疗效及远期并发症的对比研究.docx

胎头吸引与产钳处理难产的疗效及远期并发症的对比研究

摘要目的对比研究胎头吸引与产钳处理难产的疗效及远期并发症。方法选取2020年1月-2022年6月在嘉兴市妇幼保健院产科实行阴道助娩并在我院产后42天门诊及儿保科门诊随访的产妇268人，其中实施胎头吸引助娩的产妇128人作为观察组，实施产钳术助娩的产妇140人作为对照组。结果胎头吸引组第二产程用时长于产钳组（p?0.01）；产后出血量两组产妇对比无明显差异（p?0.05）；软产道裂伤率、产后尿潴留率胎头吸引组少于产钳组（p?0.05）。两组产妇所分娩新生儿出生体重、头面部损伤、窒息发生率无明显差异（p?0.05）。远期并发症方面，胎头吸引组小月龄婴儿在沟通、解决问题能力方面优于产钳组（p?0.01）；产钳组在粗大动作、精细动作能力方面优于胎头吸引组（p?0.01）；两组婴儿在个人-社会能力方面无明显差异（p?0.05）。胎头吸引组产妇产后PFDI-20简表及FSFI简表评分均优于产钳组（p?0.01）。结论胎头吸引阴道助产安全性好、母婴远期并发症少，操作简便，能大大降低剖宫产率，值得在基层推广。

关键词胎头吸引产钳难产远期并发症

Tocomparetheefficacyandlong-termcomplicationsoffetalheadaspirationandforcepsdeliveryinthetreatmentofdystocia

AbstractObjectiveTocomparetheefficacyandlong-termcomplicationsoffetalheadsuctionandforcepsdeliveryinthetreatmentofdystocia.Methods:Atotalof268parturientswhounderwentvaginaldeliveryintheobstetricsdepartmentofJiaxingMaternalandChildHealthHospitalfromJanuary2020toJune2022wereselectedandfollowedupintheoutpatientdepartmentandtheChildhealthDepartmentofourhospital42daysafterdelivery.Amongthem,128parturientswhounderwentfetalheadsuctiondeliverywereselectedastheobservationgroup,and140parturientswhounderwentforcepsdeliverywereselectedasthecontrolgroup.ResultsThedurationofthesecondstageoflaborinthefetalheadsuctiongroupwaslongerthanthatintheforcepsgroup(p?0.01).Therewasnosignificantdifferenceintheamountofpostpartumhemorrhagebetweenthetwogroups(p?0.05).Therateofsoftbirthcanallacerationandpostpartumurinaryretentioninthefetalheadsuctiongroupwerelowerthanthoseintheforcepsgroup(p?0.01).Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinbirthweight,headandfaceinjury,andtheincidenceofasphyxiabetweenthetwogroups(p?0.05).Intermsoflong-termcomplications,theinfantsinthefetalheadaspirationgrouphadbettercommunicationandproblem-solvingskillsthanthoseintheforcepsgroup(p?0.01).Thefor