非条件句grammar and usage语法用法.pptx

Unit3

Understandingeachother;Unrealconditionals

(非真实条件句);在英语句子中,谓语动词的语气是用来表示说话人对所说内容的态度、看法以及心情等。英语中常见的谓语动词的语气有三种:

1.直陈语气

用于直截了当地陈述事实、描述状态。例如:

Edward,youplaysowell.ButIdidn’tknowyouplayedthepiano.;2.祈使语气

用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等。例如:

Bequiet,please.

Goandwashyourhands.

Lookout！Danger！

Noparking.;3.虚拟语气

用于表示主观愿望或假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气中说话者所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微,甚至没有实现的可能性,但是有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉,也使用虚拟语气。例如:;IfyoucametoBrunei,youwouldhavetotakeoffyourshoesbeforegoingintosomeone’shouse.

IfyouhavebeeninKoreawithmelastyear,youwouldhaveattendedinaweddingceremony.;Iwishyouweremorecareful.

IfIhadhadmoretime,Iwouldhaddonetheworkbetter.

WouldyoumindifIclosedthewindow?;真实条件句与非真实条件句;真实条件句中主从句的时态关系

????

条件从句：一般现在时

主句：shall/will+动词原形

—Shallwehaveourpicnictomorrow?

—Ifitdoesn’train.;非真实条件句:在非真实条件句即虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语部分构成如下表所示：;IfIhadmoney,Iwouldlendyousome.

(与现在事实相反)

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotgiveitup.

(与现在事实相反);Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthebus.

(与过去事实相反)

Ifhehadknownheraddress,hewouldhadgonetovisither.

(与过去事实相反);IfIshouldhaveachance,Iwouldtrymybest.

(与将来事实相反)

Ifitwerefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoshopping.

(与未来事实相反);注意：虚拟条件句的从句中如果有助动

词were、had或should，可以去掉if

后用倒装句语序。例句：

HadInothelpedhim(=IfIhadnothelpedhim),hewouldhavefailedinbusiness.

ShouldIbefree(=IfIshouldbefree),Iwouldcome.

Wereshemydaughter(=Ifsheweremydaughter),Icouldsuggestadifferentplan.;—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’s

goingtobecompletelyruined.

—Iwishtheyalwayslate.(2011北京)

A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeen

C.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen

解析：wish接从句，如果表示的是与现在事实相反的假设，通常用一般过去时；如果表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，通常用过去完成时。从always判断这说的是通常情况，是与现在事实相反的假设，所以答案选A。;MaybeifI_____science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabl