高考英语二轮总复习课后习题 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练(十一) 词句猜测题——代词指代类.docVIP

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考点分类练(十一)词句猜测题——代词指代类

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Manypeoplethinkdaydreamingisbadfortheiremotionsandhasnegativeeffectsontheirlifeandthosearoundthem.Itmakesadaptingtolifeveryhardandbrainsworklesseffectively.

Contrarytocommonideas,thebrainsofpeoplewhoaredaydreamingmightnotstopworking,butmaybeworkingharder,newresearchhasshown.Scientistsscannedthebrainsofpeoplelyinginsidemagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)machines,astheypushedbuttonsorrestedinturn.Thescansshowedthatthe“default(默认的)network”deepinsideahumanbrainbecomesmoreactiveduringdaydreaming.

Inasurprisefinding,thescansalsoshowedstrongactivityintheexecutivenetwork,theoutlyingregionofthebrainassociatedwithcomple-solving,saysProfessorKalinaChristoff,whoisaco-authorofthestudy.“Peopleassumethatwhenthemindwandersaway,itjustgetsturnedoff—butweshowtheopposite.Whenitwanders,itisturnedon,”saysChristoff.

Thefindings,publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,suggest,“Peoplewholetthemselvesdaydreammightnotthinkinthesamefocusedwayaswhenperformingagoal-orientedtask,buttheybringinmorementalandbrainresources,”saysChristoff.

F.DianeBarthsaidatPsychologyTodaythatthemorewedaydream,themoreourbrainisabletoholdontothetaskwhenwearebeingbombarded(轰炸)fromallsidesbyallkindsofnoises,informationinput,andconflictingdemands.You’renottryingtoescapethetaskathand;rather,you’retryingtogetridofalloftheinformationandstimuli(刺激物)thatcouldposeasbothers.

AccordingtoChristoff,peopletypicallyspendonethirdoftheirwakingtimedaydreaming.“Itisabigpartofourlives,butithasbeenlargelyignoredbyscience,”shesays.“ThestudyisthefirsttouseMRIstostudybrainactivityduringautomaticthoughtsandsubjectiveexperiences.Untilnowtheonlywayistouseself-reportsthatarenotalwaysreliable.”

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