人教版高考英语一轮总复习课后习题 选择性必修第2册 UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES.docVIP

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UNIT2BRIDGINGCULTURES

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(九省适应性测试,C)

Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:“Ihavecometotheconclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument—andthatistoavoidit.”Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.

Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,verbal(言语的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennistournaments.Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindofthinkingeanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.

However,therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate(阐述)anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheirargumentfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections(异议)andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequireeffort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.?

Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”anargument.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardCarnegie’sunderstandingofargument?

A.Critical