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中国城市供水价格体系市场化原因分析及其路径
Bi-xiaHUANGDe-jun
(SchoolofPublicPolicyandManagement,Hohai
Abstract:WatershortageisasevereprobleminChina.Thoughthecountryisrichinwaterresources,itranks121stintheworldintermsofpercapitashareofwaterresources.Usingthewrongwaytodowiththegroundwaterhasresultinalotofenvironmentalproblems.Some400outof668citizenChinalackwatersupply,whichdecreasedtheindustrialoutputvalueby230billionyuan(27.7billionUSdollars)annually.
Alowwaterpriceistherootcauseofwastingwaterresources.InaridruralChina,thepriceof1,000cubicmetersofwaterforfarmuseisnomorethanthepriceofabottleofmineralwater.Itisveryimportantthatchinashouldtakeoutasetoflawsandpolicetopreventthewatersourcefromwasteandoverconsumption.WearegladtoseethatBeijingandHebei,SichuanandGuizhouprovinceswillfollowtheexampleofYinchuantoadoptprogressivechargingonwaterconsumption.Somemunicipalitiesandprovincialcapitalsaremakingactivepreparationsinabidtoputprogressivewaterchargingintopracticebefore.
Insomecitiesfamilieswhichconsumelessthan12tonsofwateramonthpay1.15yuanforeachtonofwater.Thepricepertonofwaterabove12tonswillbeincreasedby60cents,andthepriceofwaterwillbedoubledwhenthemonthlywaterconsumptionexceeds18tons.
Meanwhile,industrialenterprises,publicinstitutionsandbusinessfirmsalsopayahigherpriceforexcessivewaterconsumption.
Thosedecisionsofchargingmoreforexcessivewaterconsumptionwillhelppeoplecultivatetheconceptofwatersaving,whileputtingnoextraburdenonpeoplekeepingarationaluseofwater.
ThepracticeofprogressivechargesonwaterhasbeenlistedinChinasWaterLawandwillbepopularizedinmoreareasinupcomingyears.
Keyword:watersourcemarketeconomywaterprice
中国是世界第一人口大国，至中国人口总量还将增加一个多亿，城市化率超出47
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