讨论全球医疗保健系统.pdf

TableofContents

summary

Overview

HistoryofHealthcareSystems

TypesofHealthcareSystems

TheBeveridgeModel

TheBismarckModel

TheNationalHealthInsuranceModel

TheOut-of-PocketModel

HealthcareSystemsbyCountry

BismarckModel

BeveridgeModel

ComparisonandChallenges

GlobalPerspective

GlobalHealthIssuesandChallenges

HealthcareFinancing

summary

oftheircostsandoutcomes[3].

mance-improvementefforts[11].

worldwide[14].

References:

[3]EconomicEvaluationinHealthcare.

[4]ModelsofHealthcareSystems.

[5]BeveridgeModel.

[6]BismarckModel.

[7]NationalHealthInsuranceModel.

[8]Out-of-PocketModel.

[9]WHOFrameworksandInitiatives.

[10]Value-BasedHealthcareAssessment.

[12]HealthSystemsandSocietalNorms.

[13jGlobalHealthInitiatives.

[14]WHOHealthFinancingPolicies.

Overview

termsoftheircostsandconsequences[2].

VBPmodeltype[4].

governmental/regulatoryentities[6].

deliverymethods.

TheBeveridgeModel

waitinglistsfortreatment[13].

TheBismarckModel

privatehealthcareproviders[12].

TheOut-of-PocketModel

andtraditionalmedicineoftenfillthegap[14].

BismarckModel

pay,aimingtoensureuniversalcoverage[16].

BeveridgeModel

taxcontributions[11].

ComparisonandChallenges

andfairfundingmechanisms[17].

GlobalPerspective

suchasthatoftheUnitedStates[19].

enhancehealthcaredelivery[17].

healthsystemstrengthening[20].

crises[22].

populations[21].

HealthcareFinancing

ofeachcountry.

Afghanistan,Sudan)[9].

protection[18].

andsustainablefunding.

References

[1]:

ductiontotheSpecialSection-PMC

[3]:Globalhealthachievements2023

[4]:

[7]:Single-payerhealthcare-Wikipedia

[8]:

insurance.

[10]:

OECDCountries-PMC

[11]:Beveridgemodel-Wikipedia

[12]:

Out

[15]:HealthCareSystems-Physiopedia

[16]:Bismarckmodel-Wikipedia

[17]:Healthsystem-Wikipedia