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儿科学-结核性脑膜炎(英文).pptx

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Tuberculosismeningitis

(TBM)结核性脑膜炎1

Children15yearswithTB:

ExtrapulmonaryDisease

Themostseriouscomplication,usuallyfatalApartofsystemicdisseminatedtuberculosis1yrofinitialinfection,especiallythefirst3–6m,60%inchildrenaged1-3yrsDeathrate:15-30%Epidemiology3

TuberculousBacilliPrimaryComplexBacteremiaMeningitisPathophysiologyMiliaryTB

MeningesDiffuseHyperemiaInflammatoryExudatesEdemaConformationofTuberclesPathologicaleffects5

Intuberculousmeningitisthereisatendencyfortheexudatetobeprimarilylocatedontheundersurfaceofthebrain,particularlyovertheventralsurfaceofthebrainstem.Pathology

neuropathology.neoucom.eduPathology

stage1Prodromestage3stage2MeningealIrritationStageComaStageClinicalmanifestations8

Fever,fatigue,malaise,drowsiness,headache,vomitingClinicalmanifestationsStage1:Prodrome(1-2weeks):CSFabnormityMentalstatuschangesFocalneurologicsignsareabsent

MoreseriousTBtoxemiaIntracranialhypertensionClinicalmanifestationsMeningealIrritationCranialnervedysfunctionEncephalitissignssevereheadacheirritationprojectilevomitingseizuresBulgingofanteriorfontanelle,wideningofcranialsuturesininfantNuchalrigidity,HypertoniaKernigsignorBrudzinskisignFacialnerveOculomotornerveAbducentnerveDisorientationAbnormalmovementSpeechimpairmentStage2:MeningealIrritationStage(1-2weeks)

10

1543ClinicalmanifestationsFrequentconvulsionStage3:ComaStage(1-3weeks)

Progressivealteredstateofconsciousness:LethargyConfusionSemicomaDeepcomaDecerebrateDecorticateposturing2ConstipationUrinaryretentionProgressiveabnormalitiesofvitalsignsCerebralhernia11

CharacteristicsofTBMininfantsandyoungchildrenArapidonsetwithconvulsion,abruptlyhighfeverAtypicalminingealirritationIntracranialhypertensionmanifestsasbulgingofanteriorfontanelleandwideningofcranialsuturesininfant

RadialDiagra

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