新生儿学-新生儿窒息(英文).pptx

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Neonatology:

AsphyxiaofTheNewborns

atbirth

LecturePointsClinicaldefinitionandEpidemiology:incidence/mortalityEtiologyandPathophysiologyApgar’sscoresignificanceofclinicalusereevaluationofthescoreResuscitationComplicationandprognosis

ClinicalDefinition/EpidemiologyClinicaldefinitionFailuretoinitiaterespirationno/irregularbreathingwithhypoxemiaandacidosisIncidence:6-10‰inlivebirthMortality:leadingdeathinneonatesaccountfor1/3inneonatesdeath

EtiologyMaternal:Systematicdiseaseshypertension/hypoxiaObstetric/pregnantcomplicationAddictionAgeatpregnancy/multiplepregnancy

EtiologyIntrapartumAbnormalumbilicalcordAbnormalfetalpositionProcedure:ForcepsMedication:narcotic,Sedatives

EtiologyFetusPremature,SGA,LGA,MacrosomiaVariousabnormalityIntrauterineaspirationNervesinjury

PathophysiologyHypoxic/Ischemia?Organ/systeminjuryHypoxemia/acidosis?O2,CO2ExchangeObstacle?Failuretoinitiatebreath?

PathophysiologyrepirationchangeHR?HR??stopPrimaryapneaSecondaryapneaSystem/organIschemia/hypoxicBiochemical/metabolism________?Hypoxemia,acidosisOrgan/systemdamageBloodredistribution:compensationdecompensationCatecholamine?Glucagon?Freefattyacids?ANP?PCO2?AcidosisHyperglycemiaHypoglycemiaHypocalcemiaHyponatremia

ApgarScoringSystemSCORE012HeartrateAbsent100/min100/minRespirationsAbsentSlow,irregularGood,cryingMuscletoneLimpSomemotionActivemotionReflexirritabilityNoresponseGrimaceCough,sneeze,cryColorBlue,paleBodypink,bluelimbsCompletelypink

ApgarScoringSystemApgarScoreMethods:at1and5min.postbirth till7min.or20min.afterbirth

ClinicalManifestationFetaldistress:Fetalmotion?ornoFetalHR?or?Meconium-stainedamnioticfluidApgarScore3at1or5min

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