乳腺疾病知识.docxVIP

乳腺疾病知识

目录

1.乳腺疾病概述............................................4

1.1常见的乳腺疾病类型...................................4

1.1.1乳腺增生.........................................6

1.1.2乳腺炎...........................................7

1.1.3乳腺癌...........................................7

1.1.4乳腺导管内乳头状瘤...............................8

1.2乳腺疾病的风险因素...................................9

1.3乳腺疾病对健康的影响................................10

2.乳腺疾病的主要症状和体征...............................11

2.1乳房肿块............................................12

2.1.1不同类型肿块的特征..............................13

2.1.2肿块大小的评估..................................14

2.2乳房疼痛............................................14

2.2.1周期性疼痛与非周期性疼痛的区分..................16

2.2.2特定情况下的疼痛例如妊娠期、哺乳期...............17

2.3乳头变化............................................17

2.3.1乳头溢液的概念..................................18

2.3.2血性溢液和清水样溢液的意义......................19

2.4乳房轮廓改变及皮肤改变..............................20

2.4.1皮肤酒窝征......................................21

2.4.2橘皮样改变......................................21

3.乳腺疾病的诊断.........................................22

3.1初步评估............................................24

3.1.1患者病史的采集..................................25

3.1.2体检方法........................................26

3.2辅助检查............................................27

3.2.1超声检查........................................27

3.2.2乳腺X线摄影.....................................29

3.3肿瘤标志物检测......................................30

3.4临床分期和预后评估..................................31

4.乳腺疾病的治疗.........................................32

4.1非手术疗法..........................................33

4.1.1激素疗法........................................35

4.1.2放射疗法........................................36

4.1.3化学疗法........................................36

4.1.4针对感染的抗生素疗法............................38

4.2手术治疗..................................