糖尿病肾病的诊断与治疗.ppt

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********************************Becausehypertensionanddyslipidaemiatendtobeco-morbidwithtype2diabetes,truetreatmenttotargetisnotamatterofglycaemiccontrolonly.Amultifactorialinterventionisneeded.ThestudyfromtheStenoDiabetesCenterinDenmarkprovesthatoptimalmanagementintype2diabetesincludescontrolofBPto130/80mmHgandreductionofLDLcholesterol.Patientswererandomisedtoeitherconventional(n=80)orintensivetreatment

(n=80).IntensivetreatmentincludedinsulintocontrolHbA1Cto6.5%,adiuretictocontrolBP,andanACEinhibitor,regardlessofBPlevel.Additionaltherapieswereasfollows:Intensivetreatment:anangiotensinIIreceptorblockertocontrolBPto

130/80mmHg,dietarymanagementofserumlipids(cholesterol:190mg/dl;fastingtriglycerides:150mg/dl),andaspirin150mg/day.Conventionaltreatment:BPcontrolto135/85mmHgandserumlipidcontrol(cholesterol250mg/dl;fastingtriglycerides180mg/dl),withaspirintherapyreservedforpatientswithknownischaemia.GaedePetal.NEnglJMed2003;348:383–93.****************DN肾病的形成是一个渐进的过程,早期特征性改变是肾小球、肾小管细胞肥大,肾小球毛细血管基底膜增厚,继之细胞外基质形成增多,肾小球硬化和小管间质纤维化。********Microalbuminuriaisastrongpredictorofall-causemortalityandcardiovascularmorbidityandmortalityintype2diabetes.Theimpactofmicroalbuminuriaonmortalitywasinvestigatedina10-yearfollow-upstudyof503predominantlytype2diabeticpatients.1265ofthepatientsdied,and58%ofthedeathswerecausedbycardiovascular(CV)disease.Comparedwithpatientswithnormalmorningurinaryalbuminconcentration(UAC?15μg/min),therelativeriskofdeathforpatientswithUACbetween15and40μg/minandforpatientswithUACbetween41and200μg/minwere1.53and2.28,respectively.Thus,theprobabilityofsurvivaldecreasedwithincreasinglevelsofUACwithinthemicroalbuminuriarange.Mic

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