2024年考博英语语法重点总结.doc

考博英語語法重点总結（供参照）

一、独立主格特性

1.充当句子的状語。

2.有自已的主語，同句子的主語不一致。

3.名詞（代詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞）+分詞

4.??With+名詞（代詞）+分詞(形容詞）

例：a)Itbeingraining,Idecidedtostayathome.

b)Speechhavingbeendelivered,discussionstarted.

c)heenteredtheroom,withhishandsopen（holdingarifle).

真題剖析

(1995)45cliffsnolongercrumbling,thebeachesare??46??ofthematerialwhichwould??47??feedthem.

??45.A.For??B.As????C.With????D.Because

练习：Dowhatyouneedtodotokeepthewolf__7__fromthedoor,theworld__8__yourthesisadviser,teamleader,orlaboratorydirector.Thenusetherestofyourtime,perhapsatnightorontheweekends,todo__9__youreallywanttodo.

8.A.is????B.having??????C.being??????D.be

二、虚拟語气

1.（should）+动詞原形

It+be动詞+形容詞(-able)(essential,odd,vital,absurd,regrettable,desirable…)+that从句

It+be动詞+名詞(pity,shame…)+that从句

It+be动詞+过去分詞(ordered,begged,voted,moved…)+that从句

部分名詞/动詞(表达提议，劝說，决定等)+that从句

2.It’s(high,about)timethat+动詞过去式

??wouldrather+动詞过去式

真題剖析

(1997)…Iwouldn’tbetruthfulifI??47??saythatteachingishardwork.…

??47.A.do??B.did??C.don’t??D.didn’t

(1993)…TheCaironewspapersthenextdaycarriedbannerheadlinesaboutthestudentdemonstration??52,andthey??53??thattheprofessorbesenthome.

53.A.ordered??B.pleaded??C.decided??D.demanded

练习：Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimethatwe__15__thismessagetoheart.

15.A.took????B.wouldtake????C.willtake????D.shouldtake

(.3)Itisedifying,anditisasourceofinnersatisfactioneven__54__otherfacetsoflifeprovedisappointing.

(evenifotherfacetsoflifeshouldprovedisappointing.)

54.A.shall??B.will??C.would??D.should

三、非谓語动詞

动名詞、分詞、不定式。

积极或被动。(doing/done,todo/tobedone)

发生在谓語动詞之前还是之后。(doing/havingdone/havingbeendone,todo/tohavedone/tohavebeen)

To在什么状况下作介詞，什么状况下作不定式引导詞。

真題剖析