《植物病虫害绿色防控技术》课件——四、小麦蚜虫绿色防控（双语版）.pptx

;为害小麦的害虫（包括螨类）达200多种，其中分布广泛，为害严重的有：麦蚜、地下害虫（蝼蛄、蛴螬、金针虫等）、麦螨、粘虫、吸浆虫等。局部地区为害较为严重的还有麦水蝇、麦叶蜂、麦杆蝇、棉铃虫等。

Therearemorethan200pests(includingmites)damagingwheat,whicharewidelydistributed,andtheseriousonesinclude:wheataphids,soilpests(molecricket,grub,wireworm,etc.),barleybugs,armyworms,andblossommidges.Hydrelliachinensis,wheatsawflies,stemmaggots,cottonbollworms,etc.arealsoseriouslyharmfulinsomeareas.

不仅害虫取食对小麦造成直接损失，而且有些害虫如麦蚜、叶蝉、飞虱等还能传播病害，造成更大损失。在一般情况下，小麦因害虫的为害造成损失约10%左右，当一些害虫大发生时，减产达30%～50%，甚至颗粒无收。因此有效地控制各种小麦虫害，对保证小麦高产稳产具有极为重要的作用。

Notonlydopestscausedirectlossestowheat,butalsosomepestssuchaswheataphids,leafhoppersandplanthopperscanspreaddiseases,causinggreaterlosses.Ingeneral,thelossofwheatcausedbypestsisabout10%.Wheresomepestsoccuronalargescale,theyieldwillbereducedby30%-50%,oreventotalgrainfailure.Therefore,effectivecontrolofvariouswheatpestsplaysanextremelyimportantroleinensuringhighandstableyieldofwheat.

;四小麦蚜虫绿色防控

GreenPreventionandControlofWheatAphid;（一）发生与为害情况OccurrenceandDamage

小麦苗期，麦蚜多群集在叶片背面、叶鞘及心叶取食；拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期集中在茎、叶和穗部取食，并排泄蜜露，影响小麦的呼吸作用和光合作用。被害处呈浅黄色斑点，严重时叶片发黄，甚至整株枯死。穗部受害，造成麦粒干瘪，千粒重下降，严重减产。麦蚜还是传播小麦黄矮病毒等小麦病毒病的重要媒介昆虫。

Atthewheatseedlingstage,wheataphidsmostlyfeedonthebackofleaves,leafsheathsandcoreleaves;Atthejointingstage,headingstageandfillingstage,theymainlyfeedonstems,leavesandears,andexcretehoneydew,whichaffectstherespirationandphotosynthesisofwheat.Theaffectedpartsshowlightyellowspots.Ifitisserious,theleavesturnyellowwhen,andeventhewholeplantwithers.Damagetothespikesresultsintheshrivelingofkernels,thedeclineofthousandkernelweight,andsignificantyieldreduction.Wheataphidsarealsoimportantinsectvectorsofwheatviraldiseasessuchaswheatyellowdwarfvirus.

;四小麦蚜虫绿色防控

Gre