高中化学知识总结.docxVIP

高中化学知识总结

目录

1.内容简述................................................3

1.1化学的发展历程.......................................3

1.2化学在生活和科技中的应用.............................4

2.原子结构与元素周期表....................................5

2.1原子的组成...........................................6

2.2核电荷与核电荷数.....................................7

2.3元素周期表...........................................7

2.4元素的分类...........................................8

3.分子结构与化合物........................................9

3.1分子的构成..........................................10

3.2化学键..............................................11

3.3单质和化合物........................................12

4.溶液与电解质...........................................13

4.1溶液的基础..........................................14

4.2电解质的概念与性质..................................15

4.3溶解度..............................................16

5.碱金属与卤素的性质.....................................17

5.1碱金属的通性和性质..................................18

5.2卤素的性质..........................................19

6.烃类化学...............................................20

6.1烃的通式............................................21

6.2烯烃、炔烃、芳香烃....................................23

7.烃类衍生物.............................................24

7.1烷基卤代烃..........................................25

7.2烷基醇..............................................26

7.3烷基醚..............................................27

8.有机高分子化合物.......................................28

8.1有机高分子的基本概念................................29

8.2合成纤维............................................30

9.电化学.................................................31

9.1原电池..............................................32

9.2电解原理............................................33

10.酸碱与沉淀............................................34

10.1强电解质、弱电解质..................................35

10.2酸碱性.............................................36

10.3沉淀溶解平衡.......................................37

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