备战2025年高考二轮复习 英语 阅读理解 文体分类练5　说明文之新概念类（含解析）.docx

文体分类练(五)说明文之新概念类

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Wouldyouratherwatchanewmovie,oranoldfavorite?Wouldyourathertryadishyou’veneverhadatarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyou’lllike?Researchersstudyingthe“mereexposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliartothenovel.

Peopledidn’tneedtoexperiencearewardorpositiveoutcomewhilearoundtheobject—simplybeingexposedtotheobjectwouldbeenoughtomakepeoplelikeit.Totestthis,socialpsychologistRobertZajonchadparticipantsreadwordsinaforeignlanguageoutloudandvariedhowoftenparticipantsreadeachword(upto25repetitions).Next,afterreadingthewords,participantswereaskedtoguessatthemeaningofeachwordbyfillingoutaratingscale(indicatinghowpositiveornegativetheythoughtthemeaningofthewordwas).

Hefoundthatparticipantslikedwordsthattheyhadsaidmoreoften,whilewordsthatparticipantshadn’treadatallwereratedmorenegatively,andwordsthathadbeenread25timeswereratedhighest.Justthemereexposuretothewordwasenoughtomakeparticipantslikeitmore.

Oneplacewherethemereexposureeffectoccursisinadvertising.Itexplainswhyseeingthesameadvertisementmultipletimescouldbemoreconvincingthanjustseeingitonce.Ofcourse,there’sacautionhere:themereexposureeffectdoesn’thappenforthingsweinitiallydislike.Researchershavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foods,andsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure,suggestingthatthemereexposureeffectisn’tlimitedtojustoneofoursenses.Additionally,researchershavefoundthatthemereexposureeffectoccursinstudieswithhumanresearchparticipantsaswellasinstudieswithnon-humananimals.

Anotherkeyfindingfromthisanalysiswasthatparticipantseventuallystartedtolikeobjectslessaftermanyrepeatedexposures.Inotherwords,asmallernumberofrepeate