奶牛肠源性乳腺炎发病机制及短链脂肪酸的防控作用.docx

第36卷

第36卷第4期2024年4月

Vol.36,No.4Apr.,2024

ChineseBulletinofLifeSciences

DOI:10.13376/j.cbls/2024058

文章编号：1004-0374(2024)04-0554-07

奶牛肠源性乳腺炎发病机制及短链脂肪酸的防控作用

马莉花，马学虎，户春丽，马燕芬*

(宁夏大学动物科技学院，银川750021)

摘要：奶牛乳腺炎是一种影响奶牛群的疾病，严重制约着乳品行业的发展。通常情况下认为乳腺炎是由致病菌通过乳腺导管侵入乳腺引起的局部炎症，最近的研究发现奶牛的内源性“肠-乳腺”轴在诱导乳腺炎中发挥同样重要作用，即肠源性乳腺炎。因此，靶向调控胃肠道，可能是防控“肠源性乳腺炎”的有效方法和途径。短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)是具有维持胃肠道菌群稳态、恢复血乳屏障通透性、抑制乳腺炎症发展的一种新型膳食物质。选用SCFAs靶向调控肠-乳腺轴，可有效防治奶牛肠源性乳腺炎。该文就奶牛肠源性乳腺炎的发病机理及SCFAs的防控作用进行综述，以期为奶牛肠源性乳腺炎的防治提供新的思路。

关键词：奶牛；肠源性乳腺炎；胃肠道菌群；短链脂肪酸

中图分类号：[Q939.94]文献标志码：A

Pathogenesisofenterogenicmastitisindairycowsanditspreventionandcontrolbyshortchainfattyacids

MALi-Hua,MAXue-Hu,HUChun-Li,MAYan-Fen*

(CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,NingxiaUniversity,Yinchuan750021,China)

Abstract:Dairymastitisisadiseaseaffectingdairyherds,whichseriouslyrestrictsthedevelopmentofdairyindustry.Mastitisisgenerallyconsideredtobealocalinflammationcausedbypathogenicbacteriainvadingthemammaryglandthroughthemammaryduct,andrecentstudieshavefoundthattheendogenousgut-mammaryglandaxisindairycowsplaysanequallyimportantroleininducingmastitis,thatis,enterogenousmastitis.Therefore,targetedregulationofgastrointestinaltractmaybeaneffectivewaytopreventandcontrolenterogenousmastitis.Shortchainfattyacids(SCFAs)areanewdietarysubstancethatcanmaintaingastrointestinalflorahomeostasis,restoreblood-milkbarrierpermeability,andinhibitthedevelopmentofmammaryglandinflammation.

TargetingSCFAstoregulatethegut-mammaryaxiscaneffectivelypreventandtreatenterogenicmastitisindairycows.ThepathogenesisofenterogenicmastitisindairycowsandthepreventionandcontroleffectsofSCFAswerereviewedinthispaper,inordertoprovidenewideasforthepreventionandcontrolofenterogenousmastitisindairycows.

Keywords:cows;enterogenousmastitis;gastrointestinalflor