2022届高三英语培优外刊阅读 疾病话题 学案.docxVIP

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高三英语培优外刊阅读

外刊精选｜别怕，人类总能战胜疾病

人类漫长的发展史，一直伴随着同疾病、病毒的抗争。虽然多次遭到侵害，但人类还是顽强地生存繁衍下来，并最终消灭了众多传染病。目前这场武汉的肺炎，是人类在现代医疗科学加持之下再次面临的大考；相信最终胜利之时，它也将被载入史册。

Diseaseevolution:ourlonghistoryoffightingviruses

Avirusisessentiallyaninformationsystem(encodedinDNAorRNA)surroundedbyaprotectivecoatandshapedbyevolutiontoensureitsownreplicationandsurvival.

Antiviraldrugstendtobeuniquefortheparticularvirus,orcloselyrelatedfamilyofviruses.Thishasmadethemmuchlessavailablethanantibacterialdrugs.

Humanshaveadeephistoryofviralinfections,butotherthanthemolecularanalysisofcurrentorrecentlycirculatingpathogens,thedataisfragmentary.

ThatmaychangeasresearchersprobemoreancientDNAfromEgyptianmummies,wherethereisevidenceoflethaltuberculosisandmalaria(neitherofwhichisviral)dating1,500to4,000yearsback.Theevidencesofarsuggestsmummiessufferedfromsmallpoxandpolio.

Usingvaccinationandotherdiseasecontrolmeasures,wehaveeliminatedtwovirusinfectionsthathave,throughtheages,causedmassiveeconomicdamageandlossoflife:humansmallpox(1980)andbovinerinderpest(2011).

Anotherscourge,polio,isclosetoeradication.Butproblemsremainwithvaccinecoverage(andthesafetyofthemedicalteams)inregionsthatareessentiallywarzones.

【词汇过关】

请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

1.evolution[??i?v??lu???n,ev??lu???n?]n.__________________________

2.essentially[???sen??li?]adv.__________________________

3.replication[??repl??ke???n?]n.__________________________

4.antiviral[??nti?va??r?l]adj.__________________________

5.molecular[m??lekj?l?]adj.__________________________

6.fragmentary[?fr?ɡ?ment?ri?]adj.__________________________

7.probe[pr??b]vt.__________________________

8.smallpox[?sm??lp?ks]n__________________________

9.polio[?p??li??]n.__________________________

10.humansmallpox__________________________

11.sc