《食品安全卫生》Hazards and Controls.pptx

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2024-12-04 发布于浙江
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《食品安全卫生》Hazards and Controls.pptx

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SectionIIHazardsandControlsBiologicalHazardsandControlsChemicalHazardsandControlsPhysicalHazardsandControls

BiologicalHazardsandControlsFoodbornediseaseinUSAandChinaatleast6.5millioncases,9100fatalitiesannually,andthetotalyearlycostfrom$1to$10billioninUSAatleast10millioncasesinChinafoodbornevs.waterbornediseases(outbreaksandcases)

BiologicalHazardsandControlsFoodbornediseaseoutbreaksdefinition:Twoormorepersonexperiencesasimilarillnessafteringestionofacommonfoodexception---onecaseofbotulismorchemicalpoisoning2.Epidemiologicanalysisimplicatesthefoodasthesourceoftheillness

BiologicalHazardsandControlsActualvs.Reportedfoodbornediseaseoutbreakstipoftheiceberg“thereported”Foodsfrequentlyinvolvedinoutbreaksmostlyarefoodsofanimalorigin,48%oftheoutbreakscamefrombeef,chicken,eggs,pork,finfish,shellfish,turkeyordairyproducts.

BiologicalHazardsandControlsStepsnecessarytocausefoodborneillnessthepathogenmustgrowtohighenoughnumberstocauseaninfectionortoproducetoxin:foodcansupportgrowthofthepathogen,andthefoodmustremaininthegrowthtemperaturerangelongenoughfortheorganismtomultiplyorproducetoxinPlacewhereillnessacquired79%incommercialsite(restaurants,cafeterialsanddelicatessens),21%inhomesprimarilyaproblemassociatedwithfoodpreparationandstorage

FoodborneillnesscausedbybacteriaBiologicalhazardsbacteria,viruses,parasites,fungiandinsects.verysmallandcanbeseenwiththeaidofamicroscope.Bacteriacharacteristic(reportedinmorecasesoffoodborneillnessthananyotherhazard.)occurnaturallyintheenvironmentwherefoodsaregrown;single-celledmicroorganismsthatrequirefood,moisture,andwarmthtomultiply;mostaredestroyedbyadequatecooking,andnumbersarekepttoaminimumby