《感染与免疫》01细菌形态结构-英文教学课件（非AI生成）.ppt

MedicalMicrobiology

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一conceptofmicrooranism:二typeofmicroorganism:1non-celltype2prokaryotes3eukaryotes三generalpropertiesofM:1tinyinsize2simpleinstructure3activeinmetabolism4fastrateinmultiplication5easyinvariation6widelydistributed2

四relationshiptohuman(一)?C.Ncirculationinnature3

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(二)?inindustry、agricuture、medicine(三)?makeupofnormalfloraofhumanbeing1anti-pathogen2providenutrition(四)?someMarepathogens1pathogens2opportunisticpathogens5

五history:leeuwenhoek.1676.microscopy(200times)6

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Pasteur(1822-1895):

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1yeastcellscausewinessour

2pebrinecausedbyprotozoan

3spontaneousgenerationcontroversy9

4chickens:42℃,donotacquireanthrax

37℃,do

5vaccineforrabies10

koch:(1843—1910)11

1cultivationtechniques

2staining

3isolatedTB

4Koch’spostulates:

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①microbesareobservedintissuespecimensfromdeadanimals;②isolatedandgrowninpureculture;③inoculatedtoahealthanimal;④thediseaseisproducedintheanimal;⑤then1⑥then213

六objectofmedicalmicrobiologypathogens七whywestudymedicalmicrobiology八howtostudy---:14

Chapter1.BacterialMorphologyandStructure15

§1.sizeandshapeofbacteriasize:tinyum(1um=1/1000mm)shape:coccus:diplo~,strepto~tetrad,sarcina,staphylo~bacillus:spiralbacterium:vibriospirillum16

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§2.structureofbacterium

StructureofBacteria:Essentialstructure:cellwallcellmembranecytoplasmnuclearmaterial(nucloid)SpecialStructurecapsuleflagellapilusspore18

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一Essentialstructureofbacteria(一)?cellwall:1peptidoglycan:(1)abackbone(2)tetrapeptidesidechains(3)crossbridges20

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2teichoicacid(G+)

(1)?membrane~(LTA)

(2)wall~

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functions:a.majorsurf